X-Git-Url: https://git.danieliu.xyz/?p=st.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=st.c;h=76b7e0d4386e0e39693a51364893ed3cd125f785;hp=2594c6506c3d221626490e59605724a020d92c43;hb=7d59dd715c0b5b219dbb8ac050f2fc07b604e30b;hpb=528241aa3835e2f1f052abeeaf891737712955a0

diff --git a/st.c b/st.c
index 2594c65..76b7e0d 100644
--- a/st.c
+++ b/st.c
@@ -3,40 +3,22 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <limits.h>
-#include <locale.h>
 #include <pwd.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <signal.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/select.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <termios.h>
-#include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
-#include <X11/Xatom.h>
-#include <X11/Xlib.h>
-#include <X11/Xutil.h>
-#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
-#include <X11/keysym.h>
-#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
-#include <X11/XKBlib.h>
-#include <fontconfig/fontconfig.h>
 #include <wchar.h>
 
-#include "arg.h"
-
-char *argv0;
-
-#define Glyph Glyph_
-#define Font Font_
+#include "st.h"
+#include "win.h"
 
 #if   defined(__linux)
  #include <pty.h>
@@ -46,11 +28,6 @@ char *argv0;
  #include <libutil.h>
 #endif
 
-
-/* XEMBED messages */
-#define XEMBED_FOCUS_IN  4
-#define XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT 5
-
 /* Arbitrary sizes */
 #define UTF_INVALID   0xFFFD
 #define UTF_SIZ       4
@@ -58,50 +35,22 @@ char *argv0;
 #define ESC_ARG_SIZ   16
 #define STR_BUF_SIZ   ESC_BUF_SIZ
 #define STR_ARG_SIZ   ESC_ARG_SIZ
-#define XK_ANY_MOD    UINT_MAX
-#define XK_NO_MOD     0
-#define XK_SWITCH_MOD (1<<13)
 
 /* macros */
-#define MIN(a, b)		((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
-#define MAX(a, b)		((a) < (b) ? (b) : (a))
-#define LEN(a)			(sizeof(a) / sizeof(a)[0])
-#define DEFAULT(a, b)		(a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)
-#define BETWEEN(x, a, b)	((a) <= (x) && (x) <= (b))
-#define DIVCEIL(n, d)		(((n) + ((d) - 1)) / (d))
-#define ISCONTROLC0(c)		(BETWEEN(c, 0, 0x1f) || (c) == '\177')
+#define IS_SET(flag)		((term.mode & (flag)) != 0)
+#define ISCONTROLC0(c)		(BETWEEN(c, 0, 0x1f) || (c) == 0x7f)
 #define ISCONTROLC1(c)		(BETWEEN(c, 0x80, 0x9f))
 #define ISCONTROL(c)		(ISCONTROLC0(c) || ISCONTROLC1(c))
-#define ISDELIM(u)		(utf8strchr(worddelimiters, u) != NULL)
-#define LIMIT(x, a, b)		(x) = (x) < (a) ? (a) : (x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)
-#define ATTRCMP(a, b)		((a).mode != (b).mode || (a).fg != (b).fg || \
-				(a).bg != (b).bg)
-#define IS_SET(flag)		((term.mode & (flag)) != 0)
-#define TIMEDIFF(t1, t2)	((t1.tv_sec-t2.tv_sec)*1000 + \
-				(t1.tv_nsec-t2.tv_nsec)/1E6)
-#define MODBIT(x, set, bit)	((set) ? ((x) |= (bit)) : ((x) &= ~(bit)))
-
-#define TRUECOLOR(r,g,b)	(1 << 24 | (r) << 16 | (g) << 8 | (b))
-#define IS_TRUECOL(x)		(1 << 24 & (x))
-#define TRUERED(x)		(((x) & 0xff0000) >> 8)
-#define TRUEGREEN(x)		(((x) & 0xff00))
-#define TRUEBLUE(x)		(((x) & 0xff) << 8)
-
-
-enum glyph_attribute {
-	ATTR_NULL       = 0,
-	ATTR_BOLD       = 1 << 0,
-	ATTR_FAINT      = 1 << 1,
-	ATTR_ITALIC     = 1 << 2,
-	ATTR_UNDERLINE  = 1 << 3,
-	ATTR_BLINK      = 1 << 4,
-	ATTR_REVERSE    = 1 << 5,
-	ATTR_INVISIBLE  = 1 << 6,
-	ATTR_STRUCK     = 1 << 7,
-	ATTR_WRAP       = 1 << 8,
-	ATTR_WIDE       = 1 << 9,
-	ATTR_WDUMMY     = 1 << 10,
-	ATTR_BOLD_FAINT = ATTR_BOLD | ATTR_FAINT,
+#define ISDELIM(u)		(u && wcschr(worddelimiters, u))
+
+enum term_mode {
+	MODE_WRAP        = 1 << 0,
+	MODE_INSERT      = 1 << 1,
+	MODE_ALTSCREEN   = 1 << 2,
+	MODE_CRLF        = 1 << 3,
+	MODE_ECHO        = 1 << 4,
+	MODE_PRINT       = 1 << 5,
+	MODE_UTF8        = 1 << 6,
 };
 
 enum cursor_movement {
@@ -115,32 +64,6 @@ enum cursor_state {
 	CURSOR_ORIGIN   = 2
 };
 
-enum term_mode {
-	MODE_WRAP        = 1 << 0,
-	MODE_INSERT      = 1 << 1,
-	MODE_APPKEYPAD   = 1 << 2,
-	MODE_ALTSCREEN   = 1 << 3,
-	MODE_CRLF        = 1 << 4,
-	MODE_MOUSEBTN    = 1 << 5,
-	MODE_MOUSEMOTION = 1 << 6,
-	MODE_REVERSE     = 1 << 7,
-	MODE_KBDLOCK     = 1 << 8,
-	MODE_HIDE        = 1 << 9,
-	MODE_ECHO        = 1 << 10,
-	MODE_APPCURSOR   = 1 << 11,
-	MODE_MOUSESGR    = 1 << 12,
-	MODE_8BIT        = 1 << 13,
-	MODE_BLINK       = 1 << 14,
-	MODE_FBLINK      = 1 << 15,
-	MODE_FOCUS       = 1 << 16,
-	MODE_MOUSEX10    = 1 << 17,
-	MODE_MOUSEMANY   = 1 << 18,
-	MODE_BRCKTPASTE  = 1 << 19,
-	MODE_PRINT       = 1 << 20,
-	MODE_MOUSE       = MODE_MOUSEBTN|MODE_MOUSEMOTION|MODE_MOUSEX10\
-	                  |MODE_MOUSEMANY,
-};
-
 enum charset {
 	CS_GRAPHIC0,
 	CS_GRAPHIC1,
@@ -158,48 +81,9 @@ enum escape_state {
 	ESC_ALTCHARSET = 8,
 	ESC_STR_END    = 16, /* a final string was encountered */
 	ESC_TEST       = 32, /* Enter in test mode */
+	ESC_UTF8       = 64,
 };
 
-enum window_state {
-	WIN_VISIBLE = 1,
-	WIN_FOCUSED = 2
-};
-
-enum selection_mode {
-	SEL_IDLE = 0,
-	SEL_EMPTY = 1,
-	SEL_READY = 2
-};
-
-enum selection_type {
-	SEL_REGULAR = 1,
-	SEL_RECTANGULAR = 2
-};
-
-enum selection_snap {
-	SNAP_WORD = 1,
-	SNAP_LINE = 2
-};
-
-typedef unsigned char uchar;
-typedef unsigned int uint;
-typedef unsigned long ulong;
-typedef unsigned short ushort;
-
-typedef uint_least32_t Rune;
-
-typedef XftDraw *Draw;
-typedef XftColor Color;
-
-typedef struct {
-	Rune u;           /* character code */
-	ushort mode;      /* attribute flags */
-	uint32_t fg;      /* foreground  */
-	uint32_t bg;      /* background  */
-} Glyph;
-
-typedef Glyph *Line;
-
 typedef struct {
 	Glyph attr; /* current char attributes */
 	int x;
@@ -207,26 +91,23 @@ typedef struct {
 	char state;
 } TCursor;
 
-/* CSI Escape sequence structs */
-/* ESC '[' [[ [<priv>] <arg> [;]] <mode> [<mode>]] */
 typedef struct {
-	char buf[ESC_BUF_SIZ]; /* raw string */
-	int len;               /* raw string length */
-	char priv;
-	int arg[ESC_ARG_SIZ];
-	int narg;              /* nb of args */
-	char mode[2];
-} CSIEscape;
+	int mode;
+	int type;
+	int snap;
+	/*
+	 * Selection variables:
+	 * nb – normalized coordinates of the beginning of the selection
+	 * ne – normalized coordinates of the end of the selection
+	 * ob – original coordinates of the beginning of the selection
+	 * oe – original coordinates of the end of the selection
+	 */
+	struct {
+		int x, y;
+	} nb, ne, ob, oe;
 
-/* STR Escape sequence structs */
-/* ESC type [[ [<priv>] <arg> [;]] <mode>] ESC '\' */
-typedef struct {
-	char type;             /* ESC type ... */
-	char buf[STR_BUF_SIZ]; /* raw string */
-	int len;               /* raw string length */
-	char *args[STR_ARG_SIZ];
-	int narg;              /* nb of args */
-} STREscape;
+	int alt;
+} Selection;
 
 /* Internal representation of the screen */
 typedef struct {
@@ -234,9 +115,10 @@ typedef struct {
 	int col;      /* nb col */
 	Line *line;   /* screen */
 	Line *alt;    /* alternate screen */
-	int *dirty;  /* dirtyness of lines */
-	XftGlyphFontSpec *specbuf; /* font spec buffer used for rendering */
+	int *dirty;   /* dirtyness of lines */
 	TCursor c;    /* cursor */
+	int ocx;      /* old cursor col */
+	int ocy;      /* old cursor row */
 	int top;      /* top    scroll limit */
 	int bot;      /* bottom scroll limit */
 	int mode;     /* terminal mode flags */
@@ -244,130 +126,36 @@ typedef struct {
 	char trantbl[4]; /* charset table translation */
 	int charset;  /* current charset */
 	int icharset; /* selected charset for sequence */
-	int numlock; /* lock numbers in keyboard */
 	int *tabs;
+	Rune lastc;   /* last printed char outside of sequence, 0 if control */
 } Term;
 
-/* Purely graphic info */
-typedef struct {
-	Display *dpy;
-	Colormap cmap;
-	Window win;
-	Drawable buf;
-	Atom xembed, wmdeletewin, netwmname, netwmpid;
-	XIM xim;
-	XIC xic;
-	Draw draw;
-	Visual *vis;
-	XSetWindowAttributes attrs;
-	int scr;
-	int isfixed; /* is fixed geometry? */
-	int l, t; /* left and top offset */
-	int gm; /* geometry mask */
-	int tw, th; /* tty width and height */
-	int w, h; /* window width and height */
-	int ch; /* char height */
-	int cw; /* char width  */
-	char state; /* focus, redraw, visible */
-	int cursor; /* cursor style */
-} XWindow;
-
-typedef struct {
-	uint b;
-	uint mask;
-	char *s;
-} MouseShortcut;
-
+/* CSI Escape sequence structs */
+/* ESC '[' [[ [<priv>] <arg> [;]] <mode> [<mode>]] */
 typedef struct {
-	KeySym k;
-	uint mask;
-	char *s;
-	/* three valued logic variables: 0 indifferent, 1 on, -1 off */
-	signed char appkey;    /* application keypad */
-	signed char appcursor; /* application cursor */
-	signed char crlf;      /* crlf mode          */
-} Key;
+	char buf[ESC_BUF_SIZ]; /* raw string */
+	size_t len;            /* raw string length */
+	char priv;
+	int arg[ESC_ARG_SIZ];
+	int narg;              /* nb of args */
+	char mode[2];
+} CSIEscape;
 
+/* STR Escape sequence structs */
+/* ESC type [[ [<priv>] <arg> [;]] <mode>] ESC '\' */
 typedef struct {
-	int mode;
-	int type;
-	int snap;
-	/*
-	 * Selection variables:
-	 * nb – normalized coordinates of the beginning of the selection
-	 * ne – normalized coordinates of the end of the selection
-	 * ob – original coordinates of the beginning of the selection
-	 * oe – original coordinates of the end of the selection
-	 */
-	struct {
-		int x, y;
-	} nb, ne, ob, oe;
-
-	char *primary, *clipboard;
-	Atom xtarget;
-	int alt;
-	struct timespec tclick1;
-	struct timespec tclick2;
-} Selection;
-
-typedef union {
-	int i;
-	uint ui;
-	float f;
-	const void *v;
-} Arg;
+	char type;             /* ESC type ... */
+	char *buf;             /* allocated raw string */
+	size_t siz;            /* allocation size */
+	size_t len;            /* raw string length */
+	char *args[STR_ARG_SIZ];
+	int narg;              /* nb of args */
+} STREscape;
 
-typedef struct {
-	uint mod;
-	KeySym keysym;
-	void (*func)(const Arg *);
-	const Arg arg;
-} Shortcut;
-
-/* function definitions used in config.h */
-static void clipcopy(const Arg *);
-static void clippaste(const Arg *);
-static void numlock(const Arg *);
-static void selpaste(const Arg *);
-static void xzoom(const Arg *);
-static void xzoomabs(const Arg *);
-static void xzoomreset(const Arg *);
-static void printsel(const Arg *);
-static void printscreen(const Arg *) ;
-static void toggleprinter(const Arg *);
-static void sendbreak(const Arg *);
-
-/* Config.h for applying patches and the configuration. */
-#include "config.h"
-
-/* Font structure */
-typedef struct {
-	int height;
-	int width;
-	int ascent;
-	int descent;
-	short lbearing;
-	short rbearing;
-	XftFont *match;
-	FcFontSet *set;
-	FcPattern *pattern;
-} Font;
-
-/* Drawing Context */
-typedef struct {
-	Color col[MAX(LEN(colorname), 256)];
-	Font font, bfont, ifont, ibfont;
-	GC gc;
-} DC;
-
-static void die(const char *, ...);
-static void draw(void);
-static void redraw(void);
-static void drawregion(int, int, int, int);
-static void execsh(void);
-static void stty(void);
+static void execsh(char *, char **);
+static void stty(char **);
 static void sigchld(int);
-static void run(void);
+static void ttywriteraw(const char *, size_t);
 
 static void csidump(void);
 static void csihandle(void);
@@ -379,7 +167,6 @@ static void strhandle(void);
 static void strparse(void);
 static void strreset(void);
 
-static int tattrset(int);
 static void tprinter(char *, size_t);
 static void tdumpsel(void);
 static void tdumpline(int);
@@ -393,173 +180,57 @@ static void tinsertblankline(int);
 static int tlinelen(int);
 static void tmoveto(int, int);
 static void tmoveato(int, int);
-static void tnew(int, int);
 static void tnewline(int);
 static void tputtab(int);
 static void tputc(Rune);
 static void treset(void);
-static void tresize(int, int);
 static void tscrollup(int, int);
 static void tscrolldown(int, int);
 static void tsetattr(int *, int);
 static void tsetchar(Rune, Glyph *, int, int);
+static void tsetdirt(int, int);
 static void tsetscroll(int, int);
 static void tswapscreen(void);
-static void tsetdirt(int, int);
-static void tsetdirtattr(int);
 static void tsetmode(int, int, int *, int);
+static int twrite(const char *, int, int);
 static void tfulldirt(void);
-static void techo(Rune);
 static void tcontrolcode(uchar );
 static void tdectest(char );
+static void tdefutf8(char);
 static int32_t tdefcolor(int *, int *, int);
 static void tdeftran(char);
-static inline int match(uint, uint);
-static void ttynew(void);
-static size_t ttyread(void);
-static void ttyresize(void);
-static void ttysend(char *, size_t);
-static void ttywrite(const char *, size_t);
 static void tstrsequence(uchar);
 
-static inline ushort sixd_to_16bit(int);
-static int xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *, const Glyph *, int, int, int);
-static void xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *, Glyph, int, int, int);
-static void xdrawglyph(Glyph, int, int);
-static void xhints(void);
-static void xclear(int, int, int, int);
-static void xdrawcursor(void);
-static void xinit(void);
-static void xloadcols(void);
-static int xsetcolorname(int, const char *);
-static int xgeommasktogravity(int);
-static int xloadfont(Font *, FcPattern *);
-static void xloadfonts(char *, double);
-static void xsettitle(char *);
-static void xresettitle(void);
-static void xsetpointermotion(int);
-static void xseturgency(int);
-static void xsetsel(char *, Time);
-static void xunloadfont(Font *);
-static void xunloadfonts(void);
-static void xresize(int, int);
-
-static void expose(XEvent *);
-static void visibility(XEvent *);
-static void unmap(XEvent *);
-static char *kmap(KeySym, uint);
-static void kpress(XEvent *);
-static void cmessage(XEvent *);
-static void cresize(int, int);
-static void resize(XEvent *);
-static void focus(XEvent *);
-static void brelease(XEvent *);
-static void bpress(XEvent *);
-static void bmotion(XEvent *);
-static void propnotify(XEvent *);
-static void selnotify(XEvent *);
-static void selclear(XEvent *);
-static void selrequest(XEvent *);
-
-static void selinit(void);
+static void drawregion(int, int, int, int);
+
 static void selnormalize(void);
-static inline int selected(int, int);
-static char *getsel(void);
-static void selcopy(Time);
 static void selscroll(int, int);
 static void selsnap(int *, int *, int);
-static int x2col(int);
-static int y2row(int);
-static void getbuttoninfo(XEvent *);
-static void mousereport(XEvent *);
 
-static size_t utf8decode(char *, Rune *, size_t);
+static size_t utf8decode(const char *, Rune *, size_t);
 static Rune utf8decodebyte(char, size_t *);
-static size_t utf8encode(Rune, char *);
 static char utf8encodebyte(Rune, size_t);
-static char *utf8strchr(char *s, Rune u);
 static size_t utf8validate(Rune *, size_t);
 
+static char *base64dec(const char *);
+static char base64dec_getc(const char **);
+
 static ssize_t xwrite(int, const char *, size_t);
-static void *xmalloc(size_t);
-static void *xrealloc(void *, size_t);
-static char *xstrdup(char *);
-
-static void usage(void);
-
-static void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *) = {
-	[KeyPress] = kpress,
-	[ClientMessage] = cmessage,
-	[ConfigureNotify] = resize,
-	[VisibilityNotify] = visibility,
-	[UnmapNotify] = unmap,
-	[Expose] = expose,
-	[FocusIn] = focus,
-	[FocusOut] = focus,
-	[MotionNotify] = bmotion,
-	[ButtonPress] = bpress,
-	[ButtonRelease] = brelease,
-/*
- * Uncomment if you want the selection to disappear when you select something
- * different in another window.
- */
-/*	[SelectionClear] = selclear, */
-	[SelectionNotify] = selnotify,
-/*
- * PropertyNotify is only turned on when there is some INCR transfer happening
- * for the selection retrieval.
- */
-	[PropertyNotify] = propnotify,
-	[SelectionRequest] = selrequest,
-};
 
 /* Globals */
-static DC dc;
-static XWindow xw;
 static Term term;
+static Selection sel;
 static CSIEscape csiescseq;
 static STREscape strescseq;
+static int iofd = 1;
 static int cmdfd;
 static pid_t pid;
-static Selection sel;
-static int iofd = 1;
-static char **opt_cmd  = NULL;
-static char *opt_class = NULL;
-static char *opt_embed = NULL;
-static char *opt_font  = NULL;
-static char *opt_io    = NULL;
-static char *opt_line  = NULL;
-static char *opt_name  = NULL;
-static char *opt_title = NULL;
-static int oldbutton   = 3; /* button event on startup: 3 = release */
-
-static char *usedfont = NULL;
-static double usedfontsize = 0;
-static double defaultfontsize = 0;
 
 static uchar utfbyte[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0x80,    0, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0};
 static uchar utfmask[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0xC0, 0x80, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8};
 static Rune utfmin[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {       0,    0,  0x80,  0x800,  0x10000};
 static Rune utfmax[UTF_SIZ + 1] = {0x10FFFF, 0x7F, 0x7FF, 0xFFFF, 0x10FFFF};
 
-/* Font Ring Cache */
-enum {
-	FRC_NORMAL,
-	FRC_ITALIC,
-	FRC_BOLD,
-	FRC_ITALICBOLD
-};
-
-typedef struct {
-	XftFont *font;
-	int flags;
-	Rune unicodep;
-} Fontcache;
-
-/* Fontcache is an array now. A new font will be appended to the array. */
-static Fontcache frc[16];
-static int frclen = 0;
-
 ssize_t
 xwrite(int fd, const char *s, size_t len)
 {
@@ -580,10 +251,10 @@ xwrite(int fd, const char *s, size_t len)
 void *
 xmalloc(size_t len)
 {
-	void *p = malloc(len);
+	void *p;
 
-	if (!p)
-		die("Out of memory\n");
+	if (!(p = malloc(len)))
+		die("malloc: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 
 	return p;
 }
@@ -592,7 +263,7 @@ void *
 xrealloc(void *p, size_t len)
 {
 	if ((p = realloc(p, len)) == NULL)
-		die("Out of memory\n");
+		die("realloc: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 
 	return p;
 }
@@ -601,13 +272,13 @@ char *
 xstrdup(char *s)
 {
 	if ((s = strdup(s)) == NULL)
-		die("Out of memory\n");
+		die("strdup: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 
 	return s;
 }
 
 size_t
-utf8decode(char *c, Rune *u, size_t clen)
+utf8decode(const char *c, Rune *u, size_t clen)
 {
 	size_t i, j, len, type;
 	Rune udecoded;
@@ -665,23 +336,6 @@ utf8encodebyte(Rune u, size_t i)
 	return utfbyte[i] | (u & ~utfmask[i]);
 }
 
-char *
-utf8strchr(char *s, Rune u)
-{
-	Rune r;
-	size_t i, j, len;
-
-	len = strlen(s);
-	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < len; i += j) {
-		if (!(j = utf8decode(&s[i], &r, len - i)))
-			break;
-		if (r == u)
-			return &(s[i]);
-	}
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 size_t
 utf8validate(Rune *u, size_t i)
 {
@@ -693,37 +347,66 @@ utf8validate(Rune *u, size_t i)
 	return i;
 }
 
-void
-selinit(void)
+static const char base64_digits[] = {
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 62, 0, 0, 0,
+	63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
+	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
+	22, 23, 24, 25, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34,
+	35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+
+char
+base64dec_getc(const char **src)
 {
-	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sel.tclick1);
-	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sel.tclick2);
-	sel.mode = SEL_IDLE;
-	sel.snap = 0;
-	sel.ob.x = -1;
-	sel.primary = NULL;
-	sel.clipboard = NULL;
-	sel.xtarget = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "UTF8_STRING", 0);
-	if (sel.xtarget == None)
-		sel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
+	while (**src && !isprint(**src))
+		(*src)++;
+	return **src ? *((*src)++) : '=';  /* emulate padding if string ends */
 }
 
-int
-x2col(int x)
-{
-	x -= borderpx;
-	x /= xw.cw;
+char *
+base64dec(const char *src)
+{
+	size_t in_len = strlen(src);
+	char *result, *dst;
+
+	if (in_len % 4)
+		in_len += 4 - (in_len % 4);
+	result = dst = xmalloc(in_len / 4 * 3 + 1);
+	while (*src) {
+		int a = base64_digits[(unsigned char) base64dec_getc(&src)];
+		int b = base64_digits[(unsigned char) base64dec_getc(&src)];
+		int c = base64_digits[(unsigned char) base64dec_getc(&src)];
+		int d = base64_digits[(unsigned char) base64dec_getc(&src)];
+
+		/* invalid input. 'a' can be -1, e.g. if src is "\n" (c-str) */
+		if (a == -1 || b == -1)
+			break;
 
-	return LIMIT(x, 0, term.col-1);
+		*dst++ = (a << 2) | ((b & 0x30) >> 4);
+		if (c == -1)
+			break;
+		*dst++ = ((b & 0x0f) << 4) | ((c & 0x3c) >> 2);
+		if (d == -1)
+			break;
+		*dst++ = ((c & 0x03) << 6) | d;
+	}
+	*dst = '\0';
+	return result;
 }
 
-int
-y2row(int y)
+void
+selinit(void)
 {
-	y -= borderpx;
-	y /= xw.ch;
-
-	return LIMIT(y, 0, term.row-1);
+	sel.mode = SEL_IDLE;
+	sel.snap = 0;
+	sel.ob.x = -1;
 }
 
 int
@@ -740,6 +423,52 @@ tlinelen(int y)
 	return i;
 }
 
+void
+selstart(int col, int row, int snap)
+{
+	selclear();
+	sel.mode = SEL_EMPTY;
+	sel.type = SEL_REGULAR;
+	sel.alt = IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN);
+	sel.snap = snap;
+	sel.oe.x = sel.ob.x = col;
+	sel.oe.y = sel.ob.y = row;
+	selnormalize();
+
+	if (sel.snap != 0)
+		sel.mode = SEL_READY;
+	tsetdirt(sel.nb.y, sel.ne.y);
+}
+
+void
+selextend(int col, int row, int type, int done)
+{
+	int oldey, oldex, oldsby, oldsey, oldtype;
+
+	if (sel.mode == SEL_IDLE)
+		return;
+	if (done && sel.mode == SEL_EMPTY) {
+		selclear();
+		return;
+	}
+
+	oldey = sel.oe.y;
+	oldex = sel.oe.x;
+	oldsby = sel.nb.y;
+	oldsey = sel.ne.y;
+	oldtype = sel.type;
+
+	sel.oe.x = col;
+	sel.oe.y = row;
+	selnormalize();
+	sel.type = type;
+
+	if (oldey != sel.oe.y || oldex != sel.oe.x || oldtype != sel.type || sel.mode == SEL_EMPTY)
+		tsetdirt(MIN(sel.nb.y, oldsby), MAX(sel.ne.y, oldsey));
+
+	sel.mode = done ? SEL_IDLE : SEL_READY;
+}
+
 void
 selnormalize(void)
 {
@@ -771,7 +500,8 @@ selnormalize(void)
 int
 selected(int x, int y)
 {
-	if (sel.mode == SEL_EMPTY)
+	if (sel.mode == SEL_EMPTY || sel.ob.x == -1 ||
+			sel.alt != IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (sel.type == SEL_RECTANGULAR)
@@ -856,141 +586,6 @@ selsnap(int *x, int *y, int direction)
 	}
 }
 
-void
-getbuttoninfo(XEvent *e)
-{
-	int type;
-	uint state = e->xbutton.state & ~(Button1Mask | forceselmod);
-
-	sel.alt = IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN);
-
-	sel.oe.x = x2col(e->xbutton.x);
-	sel.oe.y = y2row(e->xbutton.y);
-	selnormalize();
-
-	sel.type = SEL_REGULAR;
-	for (type = 1; type < LEN(selmasks); ++type) {
-		if (match(selmasks[type], state)) {
-			sel.type = type;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-void
-mousereport(XEvent *e)
-{
-	int x = x2col(e->xbutton.x), y = y2row(e->xbutton.y),
-	    button = e->xbutton.button, state = e->xbutton.state,
-	    len;
-	char buf[40];
-	static int ox, oy;
-
-	/* from urxvt */
-	if (e->xbutton.type == MotionNotify) {
-		if (x == ox && y == oy)
-			return;
-		if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && !IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMANY))
-			return;
-		/* MOUSE_MOTION: no reporting if no button is pressed */
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && oldbutton == 3)
-			return;
-
-		button = oldbutton + 32;
-		ox = x;
-		oy = y;
-	} else {
-		if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR) && e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease) {
-			button = 3;
-		} else {
-			button -= Button1;
-			if (button >= 3)
-				button += 64 - 3;
-		}
-		if (e->xbutton.type == ButtonPress) {
-			oldbutton = button;
-			ox = x;
-			oy = y;
-		} else if (e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease) {
-			oldbutton = 3;
-			/* MODE_MOUSEX10: no button release reporting */
-			if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10))
-				return;
-			if (button == 64 || button == 65)
-				return;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10)) {
-		button += ((state & ShiftMask  ) ? 4  : 0)
-			+ ((state & Mod4Mask   ) ? 8  : 0)
-			+ ((state & ControlMask) ? 16 : 0);
-	}
-
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR)) {
-		len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[<%d;%d;%d%c",
-				button, x+1, y+1,
-				e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease ? 'm' : 'M');
-	} else if (x < 223 && y < 223) {
-		len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[M%c%c%c",
-				32+button, 32+x+1, 32+y+1);
-	} else {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	ttywrite(buf, len);
-}
-
-void
-bpress(XEvent *e)
-{
-	struct timespec now;
-	MouseShortcut *ms;
-
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forceselmod)) {
-		mousereport(e);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	for (ms = mshortcuts; ms < mshortcuts + LEN(mshortcuts); ms++) {
-		if (e->xbutton.button == ms->b
-				&& match(ms->mask, e->xbutton.state)) {
-			ttysend(ms->s, strlen(ms->s));
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
-		clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
-
-		/* Clear previous selection, logically and visually. */
-		selclear(NULL);
-		sel.mode = SEL_EMPTY;
-		sel.type = SEL_REGULAR;
-		sel.oe.x = sel.ob.x = x2col(e->xbutton.x);
-		sel.oe.y = sel.ob.y = y2row(e->xbutton.y);
-
-		/*
-		 * If the user clicks below predefined timeouts specific
-		 * snapping behaviour is exposed.
-		 */
-		if (TIMEDIFF(now, sel.tclick2) <= tripleclicktimeout) {
-			sel.snap = SNAP_LINE;
-		} else if (TIMEDIFF(now, sel.tclick1) <= doubleclicktimeout) {
-			sel.snap = SNAP_WORD;
-		} else {
-			sel.snap = 0;
-		}
-		selnormalize();
-
-		if (sel.snap != 0)
-			sel.mode = SEL_READY;
-		tsetdirt(sel.nb.y, sel.ne.y);
-		sel.tclick2 = sel.tclick1;
-		sel.tclick1 = now;
-	}
-}
-
 char *
 getsel(void)
 {
@@ -1038,7 +633,8 @@ getsel(void)
 		 * st.
 		 * FIXME: Fix the computer world.
 		 */
-		if ((y < sel.ne.y || lastx >= linelen) && !(last->mode & ATTR_WRAP))
+		if ((y < sel.ne.y || lastx >= linelen) &&
+		    (!(last->mode & ATTR_WRAP) || sel.type == SEL_RECTANGULAR))
 			*ptr++ = '\n';
 	}
 	*ptr = 0;
@@ -1046,308 +642,57 @@ getsel(void)
 }
 
 void
-selcopy(Time t)
+selclear(void)
 {
-	xsetsel(getsel(), t);
+	if (sel.ob.x == -1)
+		return;
+	sel.mode = SEL_IDLE;
+	sel.ob.x = -1;
+	tsetdirt(sel.nb.y, sel.ne.y);
 }
 
 void
-propnotify(XEvent *e)
+die(const char *errstr, ...)
 {
-	XPropertyEvent *xpev;
-	Atom clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
-
-	xpev = &e->xproperty;
-	if (xpev->state == PropertyNewValue &&
-			(xpev->atom == XA_PRIMARY ||
-			 xpev->atom == clipboard)) {
-		selnotify(e);
-	}
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, errstr);
+	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	exit(1);
 }
 
 void
-selnotify(XEvent *e)
+execsh(char *cmd, char **args)
 {
-	ulong nitems, ofs, rem;
-	int format;
-	uchar *data, *last, *repl;
-	Atom type, incratom, property;
-
-	incratom = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "INCR", 0);
-
-	ofs = 0;
-	if (e->type == SelectionNotify) {
-		property = e->xselection.property;
-	} else if(e->type == PropertyNotify) {
-		property = e->xproperty.atom;
-	} else {
-		return;
-	}
-	if (property == None)
-		return;
-
-	do {
-		if (XGetWindowProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, property, ofs,
-					BUFSIZ/4, False, AnyPropertyType,
-					&type, &format, &nitems, &rem,
-					&data)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Clipboard allocation failed\n");
-			return;
-		}
-
-		if (e->type == PropertyNotify && nitems == 0 && rem == 0) {
-			/*
-			 * If there is some PropertyNotify with no data, then
-			 * this is the signal of the selection owner that all
-			 * data has been transferred. We won't need to receive
-			 * PropertyNotify events anymore.
-			 */
-			MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, 0, PropertyChangeMask);
-			XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask,
-					&xw.attrs);
-		}
-
-		if (type == incratom) {
-			/*
-			 * Activate the PropertyNotify events so we receive
-			 * when the selection owner does send us the next
-			 * chunk of data.
-			 */
-			MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, 1, PropertyChangeMask);
-			XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask,
-					&xw.attrs);
-
-			/*
-			 * Deleting the property is the transfer start signal.
-			 */
-			XDeleteProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, (int)property);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * As seen in getsel:
-		 * Line endings are inconsistent in the terminal and GUI world
-		 * copy and pasting. When receiving some selection data,
-		 * replace all '\n' with '\r'.
-		 * FIXME: Fix the computer world.
-		 */
-		repl = data;
-		last = data + nitems * format / 8;
-		while ((repl = memchr(repl, '\n', last - repl))) {
-			*repl++ = '\r';
-		}
-
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_BRCKTPASTE) && ofs == 0)
-			ttywrite("\033[200~", 6);
-		ttysend((char *)data, nitems * format / 8);
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_BRCKTPASTE) && rem == 0)
-			ttywrite("\033[201~", 6);
-		XFree(data);
-		/* number of 32-bit chunks returned */
-		ofs += nitems * format / 32;
-	} while (rem > 0);
-
-	/*
-	 * Deleting the property again tells the selection owner to send the
-	 * next data chunk in the property.
-	 */
-	XDeleteProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, (int)property);
-}
-
-void
-selpaste(const Arg *dummy)
-{
-	XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, sel.xtarget, XA_PRIMARY,
-			xw.win, CurrentTime);
-}
-
-void
-clipcopy(const Arg *dummy)
-{
-	Atom clipboard;
-
-	if (sel.clipboard != NULL)
-		free(sel.clipboard);
-
-	if (sel.primary != NULL) {
-		sel.clipboard = xstrdup(sel.primary);
-		clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
-		XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
-	}
-}
-
-void
-clippaste(const Arg *dummy)
-{
-	Atom clipboard;
-
-	clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
-	XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, clipboard, sel.xtarget, clipboard,
-			xw.win, CurrentTime);
-}
-
-void
-selclear(XEvent *e)
-{
-	if (sel.ob.x == -1)
-		return;
-	sel.mode = SEL_IDLE;
-	sel.ob.x = -1;
-	tsetdirt(sel.nb.y, sel.ne.y);
-}
-
-void
-selrequest(XEvent *e)
-{
-	XSelectionRequestEvent *xsre;
-	XSelectionEvent xev;
-	Atom xa_targets, string, clipboard;
-	char *seltext;
-
-	xsre = (XSelectionRequestEvent *) e;
-	xev.type = SelectionNotify;
-	xev.requestor = xsre->requestor;
-	xev.selection = xsre->selection;
-	xev.target = xsre->target;
-	xev.time = xsre->time;
-	if (xsre->property == None)
-		xsre->property = xsre->target;
-
-	/* reject */
-	xev.property = None;
-
-	xa_targets = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "TARGETS", 0);
-	if (xsre->target == xa_targets) {
-		/* respond with the supported type */
-		string = sel.xtarget;
-		XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property,
-				XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace,
-				(uchar *) &string, 1);
-		xev.property = xsre->property;
-	} else if (xsre->target == sel.xtarget || xsre->target == XA_STRING) {
-		/*
-		 * xith XA_STRING non ascii characters may be incorrect in the
-		 * requestor. It is not our problem, use utf8.
-		 */
-		clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
-		if (xsre->selection == XA_PRIMARY) {
-			seltext = sel.primary;
-		} else if (xsre->selection == clipboard) {
-			seltext = sel.clipboard;
-		} else {
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Unhandled clipboard selection 0x%lx\n",
-				xsre->selection);
-			return;
-		}
-		if (seltext != NULL) {
-			XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor,
-					xsre->property, xsre->target,
-					8, PropModeReplace,
-					(uchar *)seltext, strlen(seltext));
-			xev.property = xsre->property;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* all done, send a notification to the listener */
-	if (!XSendEvent(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, 1, 0, (XEvent *) &xev))
-		fprintf(stderr, "Error sending SelectionNotify event\n");
-}
-
-void
-xsetsel(char *str, Time t)
-{
-	free(sel.primary);
-	sel.primary = str;
-
-	XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, t);
-	if (XGetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY) != xw.win)
-		selclear(0);
-}
-
-void
-brelease(XEvent *e)
-{
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forceselmod)) {
-		mousereport(e);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (e->xbutton.button == Button2) {
-		selpaste(NULL);
-	} else if (e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
-		if (sel.mode == SEL_READY) {
-			getbuttoninfo(e);
-			selcopy(e->xbutton.time);
-		} else
-			selclear(NULL);
-		sel.mode = SEL_IDLE;
-		tsetdirt(sel.nb.y, sel.ne.y);
-	}
-}
-
-void
-bmotion(XEvent *e)
-{
-	int oldey, oldex, oldsby, oldsey;
-
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forceselmod)) {
-		mousereport(e);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (!sel.mode)
-		return;
-
-	sel.mode = SEL_READY;
-	oldey = sel.oe.y;
-	oldex = sel.oe.x;
-	oldsby = sel.nb.y;
-	oldsey = sel.ne.y;
-	getbuttoninfo(e);
-
-	if (oldey != sel.oe.y || oldex != sel.oe.x)
-		tsetdirt(MIN(sel.nb.y, oldsby), MAX(sel.ne.y, oldsey));
-}
-
-void
-die(const char *errstr, ...)
-{
-	va_list ap;
-
-	va_start(ap, errstr);
-	vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-void
-execsh(void)
-{
-	char **args, *sh, *prog;
-	const struct passwd *pw;
-	char buf[sizeof(long) * 8 + 1];
-
-	errno = 0;
-	if ((pw = getpwuid(getuid())) == NULL) {
-		if (errno)
-			die("getpwuid:%s\n", strerror(errno));
-		else
-			die("who are you?\n");
+	char *sh, *prog, *arg;
+	const struct passwd *pw;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	if ((pw = getpwuid(getuid())) == NULL) {
+		if (errno)
+			die("getpwuid: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+		else
+			die("who are you?\n");
 	}
 
 	if ((sh = getenv("SHELL")) == NULL)
-		sh = (pw->pw_shell[0]) ? pw->pw_shell : shell;
-
-	if (opt_cmd)
-		prog = opt_cmd[0];
-	else if (utmp)
+		sh = (pw->pw_shell[0]) ? pw->pw_shell : cmd;
+
+	if (args) {
+		prog = args[0];
+		arg = NULL;
+	} else if (scroll) {
+		prog = scroll;
+		arg = utmp ? utmp : sh;
+	} else if (utmp) {
 		prog = utmp;
-	else
+		arg = NULL;
+	} else {
 		prog = sh;
-	args = (opt_cmd) ? opt_cmd : (char *[]) {prog, NULL};
-
-	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lu", xw.win);
+		arg = NULL;
+	}
+	DEFAULT(args, ((char *[]) {prog, arg, NULL}));
 
 	unsetenv("COLUMNS");
 	unsetenv("LINES");
@@ -1357,7 +702,6 @@ execsh(void)
 	setenv("SHELL", sh, 1);
 	setenv("HOME", pw->pw_dir, 1);
 	setenv("TERM", termname, 1);
-	setenv("WINDOWID", buf, 1);
 
 	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
 	signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
@@ -1377,19 +721,20 @@ sigchld(int a)
 	pid_t p;
 
 	if ((p = waitpid(pid, &stat, WNOHANG)) < 0)
-		die("Waiting for pid %hd failed: %s\n", pid, strerror(errno));
+		die("waiting for pid %hd failed: %s\n", pid, strerror(errno));
 
 	if (pid != p)
 		return;
 
-	if (!WIFEXITED(stat) || WEXITSTATUS(stat))
-		die("child finished with error '%d'\n", stat);
-	exit(0);
+	if (WIFEXITED(stat) && WEXITSTATUS(stat))
+		die("child exited with status %d\n", WEXITSTATUS(stat));
+	else if (WIFSIGNALED(stat))
+		die("child terminated due to signal %d\n", WTERMSIG(stat));
+	_exit(0);
 }
 
-
 void
-stty(void)
+stty(char **args)
 {
 	char cmd[_POSIX_ARG_MAX], **p, *q, *s;
 	size_t n, siz;
@@ -1399,7 +744,7 @@ stty(void)
 	memcpy(cmd, stty_args, n);
 	q = cmd + n;
 	siz = sizeof(cmd) - n;
-	for (p = opt_cmd; p && (s = *p); ++p) {
+	for (p = args; p && (s = *p); ++p) {
 		if ((n = strlen(s)) > siz-1)
 			die("stty parameter length too long\n");
 		*q++ = ' ';
@@ -1409,40 +754,40 @@ stty(void)
 	}
 	*q = '\0';
 	if (system(cmd) != 0)
-	    perror("Couldn't call stty");
+		perror("Couldn't call stty");
 }
 
-void
-ttynew(void)
+int
+ttynew(char *line, char *cmd, char *out, char **args)
 {
 	int m, s;
-	struct winsize w = {term.row, term.col, 0, 0};
 
-	if (opt_io) {
+	if (out) {
 		term.mode |= MODE_PRINT;
-		iofd = (!strcmp(opt_io, "-")) ?
-			  1 : open(opt_io, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+		iofd = (!strcmp(out, "-")) ?
+			  1 : open(out, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 		if (iofd < 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Error opening %s:%s\n",
-				opt_io, strerror(errno));
+				out, strerror(errno));
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (opt_line) {
-		if ((cmdfd = open(opt_line, O_RDWR)) < 0)
-			die("open line failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+	if (line) {
+		if ((cmdfd = open(line, O_RDWR)) < 0)
+			die("open line '%s' failed: %s\n",
+			    line, strerror(errno));
 		dup2(cmdfd, 0);
-		stty();
-		return;
+		stty(args);
+		return cmdfd;
 	}
 
 	/* seems to work fine on linux, openbsd and freebsd */
-	if (openpty(&m, &s, NULL, NULL, &w) < 0)
+	if (openpty(&m, &s, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0)
 		die("openpty failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 
 	switch (pid = fork()) {
 	case -1:
-		die("fork failed\n");
+		die("fork failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 		break;
 	case 0:
 		close(iofd);
@@ -1454,14 +799,23 @@ ttynew(void)
 			die("ioctl TIOCSCTTY failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 		close(s);
 		close(m);
-		execsh();
+#ifdef __OpenBSD__
+		if (pledge("stdio getpw proc exec", NULL) == -1)
+			die("pledge\n");
+#endif
+		execsh(cmd, args);
 		break;
 	default:
+#ifdef __OpenBSD__
+		if (pledge("stdio rpath tty proc", NULL) == -1)
+			die("pledge\n");
+#endif
 		close(s);
 		cmdfd = m;
 		signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
 		break;
 	}
+	return cmdfd;
 }
 
 size_t
@@ -1469,32 +823,57 @@ ttyread(void)
 {
 	static char buf[BUFSIZ];
 	static int buflen = 0;
-	char *ptr;
-	int charsize; /* size of utf8 char in bytes */
-	Rune unicodep;
-	int ret;
+	int ret, written;
 
 	/* append read bytes to unprocessed bytes */
-	if ((ret = read(cmdfd, buf+buflen, LEN(buf)-buflen)) < 0)
-		die("Couldn't read from shell: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-
-	/* process every complete utf8 char */
-	buflen += ret;
-	ptr = buf;
-	while ((charsize = utf8decode(ptr, &unicodep, buflen))) {
-		tputc(unicodep);
-		ptr += charsize;
-		buflen -= charsize;
+	ret = read(cmdfd, buf+buflen, LEN(buf)-buflen);
+
+	switch (ret) {
+	case 0:
+		exit(0);
+	case -1:
+		die("couldn't read from shell: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+	default:
+		buflen += ret;
+		written = twrite(buf, buflen, 0);
+		buflen -= written;
+		/* keep any incomplete UTF-8 byte sequence for the next call */
+		if (buflen > 0)
+			memmove(buf, buf + written, buflen);
+		return ret;
 	}
+}
+
+void
+ttywrite(const char *s, size_t n, int may_echo)
+{
+	const char *next;
 
-	/* keep any uncomplete utf8 char for the next call */
-	memmove(buf, ptr, buflen);
+	if (may_echo && IS_SET(MODE_ECHO))
+		twrite(s, n, 1);
+
+	if (!IS_SET(MODE_CRLF)) {
+		ttywriteraw(s, n);
+		return;
+	}
 
-	return ret;
+	/* This is similar to how the kernel handles ONLCR for ttys */
+	while (n > 0) {
+		if (*s == '\r') {
+			next = s + 1;
+			ttywriteraw("\r\n", 2);
+		} else {
+			next = memchr(s, '\r', n);
+			DEFAULT(next, s + n);
+			ttywriteraw(s, next - s);
+		}
+		n -= next - s;
+		s = next;
+	}
 }
 
 void
-ttywrite(const char *s, size_t n)
+ttywriteraw(const char *s, size_t n)
 {
 	fd_set wfd, rfd;
 	ssize_t r;
@@ -1551,33 +930,25 @@ write_error:
 }
 
 void
-ttysend(char *s, size_t n)
-{
-	int len;
-	Rune u;
-
-	ttywrite(s, n);
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_ECHO))
-		while ((len = utf8decode(s, &u, n)) > 0) {
-			techo(u);
-			n -= len;
-			s += len;
-		}
-}
-
-void
-ttyresize(void)
+ttyresize(int tw, int th)
 {
 	struct winsize w;
 
 	w.ws_row = term.row;
 	w.ws_col = term.col;
-	w.ws_xpixel = xw.tw;
-	w.ws_ypixel = xw.th;
+	w.ws_xpixel = tw;
+	w.ws_ypixel = th;
 	if (ioctl(cmdfd, TIOCSWINSZ, &w) < 0)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set window size: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 }
 
+void
+ttyhangup()
+{
+	/* Send SIGHUP to shell */
+	kill(pid, SIGHUP);
+}
+
 int
 tattrset(int attr)
 {
@@ -1656,7 +1027,7 @@ treset(void)
 		term.tabs[i] = 1;
 	term.top = 0;
 	term.bot = term.row - 1;
-	term.mode = MODE_WRAP;
+	term.mode = MODE_WRAP|MODE_UTF8;
 	memset(term.trantbl, CS_USA, sizeof(term.trantbl));
 	term.charset = 0;
 
@@ -1673,8 +1044,6 @@ tnew(int col, int row)
 {
 	term = (Term){ .c = { .attr = { .fg = defaultfg, .bg = defaultbg } } };
 	tresize(col, row);
-	term.numlock = 1;
-
 	treset();
 }
 
@@ -1735,27 +1104,17 @@ selscroll(int orig, int n)
 	if (sel.ob.x == -1)
 		return;
 
-	if (BETWEEN(sel.ob.y, orig, term.bot) || BETWEEN(sel.oe.y, orig, term.bot)) {
-		if ((sel.ob.y += n) > term.bot || (sel.oe.y += n) < term.top) {
-			selclear(NULL);
-			return;
-		}
-		if (sel.type == SEL_RECTANGULAR) {
-			if (sel.ob.y < term.top)
-				sel.ob.y = term.top;
-			if (sel.oe.y > term.bot)
-				sel.oe.y = term.bot;
+	if (BETWEEN(sel.nb.y, orig, term.bot) != BETWEEN(sel.ne.y, orig, term.bot)) {
+		selclear();
+	} else if (BETWEEN(sel.nb.y, orig, term.bot)) {
+		sel.ob.y += n;
+		sel.oe.y += n;
+		if (sel.ob.y < term.top || sel.ob.y > term.bot ||
+		    sel.oe.y < term.top || sel.oe.y > term.bot) {
+			selclear();
 		} else {
-			if (sel.ob.y < term.top) {
-				sel.ob.y = term.top;
-				sel.ob.x = 0;
-			}
-			if (sel.oe.y > term.bot) {
-				sel.oe.y = term.bot;
-				sel.oe.x = term.col;
-			}
+			selnormalize();
 		}
-		selnormalize();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1883,7 +1242,7 @@ tclearregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
 		for (x = x1; x <= x2; x++) {
 			gp = &term.line[y][x];
 			if (selected(x, y))
-				selclear(NULL);
+				selclear();
 			gp->fg = term.c.attr.fg;
 			gp->bg = term.c.attr.bg;
 			gp->mode = 0;
@@ -2084,7 +1443,8 @@ tsetattr(int *attr, int l)
 			} else {
 				fprintf(stderr,
 					"erresc(default): gfx attr %d unknown\n",
-					attr[i]), csidump();
+					attr[i]);
+				csidump();
 			}
 			break;
 		}
@@ -2110,20 +1470,16 @@ tsetscroll(int t, int b)
 void
 tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 {
-	int *lim, mode;
-	int alt;
+	int alt, *lim;
 
 	for (lim = args + narg; args < lim; ++args) {
 		if (priv) {
 			switch (*args) {
 			case 1: /* DECCKM -- Cursor key */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_APPCURSOR);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_APPCURSOR);
 				break;
 			case 5: /* DECSCNM -- Reverse video */
-				mode = term.mode;
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_REVERSE);
-				if (mode != term.mode)
-					redraw();
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_REVERSE);
 				break;
 			case 6: /* DECOM -- Origin */
 				MODBIT(term.c.state, set, CURSOR_ORIGIN);
@@ -2143,36 +1499,36 @@ tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 			case 12: /* att610 -- Start blinking cursor (IGNORED) */
 				break;
 			case 25: /* DECTCEM -- Text Cursor Enable Mode */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, !set, MODE_HIDE);
+				xsetmode(!set, MODE_HIDE);
 				break;
 			case 9:    /* X10 mouse compatibility mode */
 				xsetpointermotion(0);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEX10);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEX10);
 				break;
 			case 1000: /* 1000: report button press */
 				xsetpointermotion(0);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEBTN);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEBTN);
 				break;
 			case 1002: /* 1002: report motion on button press */
 				xsetpointermotion(0);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEMOTION);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEMOTION);
 				break;
 			case 1003: /* 1003: enable all mouse motions */
 				xsetpointermotion(set);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEMANY);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEMANY);
 				break;
 			case 1004: /* 1004: send focus events to tty */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_FOCUS);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_FOCUS);
 				break;
 			case 1006: /* 1006: extended reporting mode */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSESGR);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSESGR);
 				break;
 			case 1034:
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_8BIT);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_8BIT);
 				break;
 			case 1049: /* swap screen & set/restore cursor as xterm */
 				if (!allowaltscreen)
@@ -2197,7 +1553,7 @@ tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 				tcursor((set) ? CURSOR_SAVE : CURSOR_LOAD);
 				break;
 			case 2004: /* 2004: bracketed paste mode */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_BRCKTPASTE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_BRCKTPASTE);
 				break;
 			/* Not implemented mouse modes. See comments there. */
 			case 1001: /* mouse highlight mode; can hang the
@@ -2208,6 +1564,7 @@ tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 			case 1015: /* urxvt mangled mouse mode; incompatible
 				      and can be mistaken for other control
 				      codes. */
+				break;
 			default:
 				fprintf(stderr,
 					"erresc: unknown private set/reset mode %d\n",
@@ -2218,8 +1575,8 @@ tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 			switch (*args) {
 			case 0:  /* Error (IGNORED) */
 				break;
-			case 2:  /* KAM -- keyboard action */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_KBDLOCK);
+			case 2:
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_KBDLOCK);
 				break;
 			case 4:  /* IRM -- Insertion-replacement */
 				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_INSERT);
@@ -2287,7 +1644,13 @@ csihandle(void)
 		break;
 	case 'c': /* DA -- Device Attributes */
 		if (csiescseq.arg[0] == 0)
-			ttywrite(vtiden, sizeof(vtiden) - 1);
+			ttywrite(vtiden, strlen(vtiden), 0);
+		break;
+	case 'b': /* REP -- if last char is printable print it <n> more times */
+		DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
+		if (term.lastc)
+			while (csiescseq.arg[0]-- > 0)
+				tputc(term.lastc);
 		break;
 	case 'C': /* CUF -- Cursor <n> Forward */
 	case 'a': /* HPR -- Cursor <n> Forward */
@@ -2334,7 +1697,6 @@ csihandle(void)
 		tputtab(csiescseq.arg[0]);
 		break;
 	case 'J': /* ED -- Clear screen */
-		selclear(NULL);
 		switch (csiescseq.arg[0]) {
 		case 0: /* below */
 			tclearregion(term.c.x, term.c.y, term.col-1, term.c.y);
@@ -2413,9 +1775,9 @@ csihandle(void)
 		break;
 	case 'n': /* DSR – Device Status Report (cursor position) */
 		if (csiescseq.arg[0] == 6) {
-			len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),"\033[%i;%iR",
+			len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[%i;%iR",
 					term.c.y+1, term.c.x+1);
-			ttywrite(buf, len);
+			ttywrite(buf, len, 0);
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'r': /* DECSTBM -- Set Scrolling Region */
@@ -2437,11 +1799,8 @@ csihandle(void)
 	case ' ':
 		switch (csiescseq.mode[1]) {
 		case 'q': /* DECSCUSR -- Set Cursor Style */
-			DEFAULT(csiescseq.arg[0], 1);
-			if (!BETWEEN(csiescseq.arg[0], 0, 6)) {
+			if (xsetcursor(csiescseq.arg[0]))
 				goto unknown;
-			}
-			xw.cursor = csiescseq.arg[0];
 			break;
 		default:
 			goto unknown;
@@ -2453,25 +1812,25 @@ csihandle(void)
 void
 csidump(void)
 {
-	int i;
+	size_t i;
 	uint c;
 
-	printf("ESC[");
+	fprintf(stderr, "ESC[");
 	for (i = 0; i < csiescseq.len; i++) {
 		c = csiescseq.buf[i] & 0xff;
 		if (isprint(c)) {
-			putchar(c);
+			putc(c, stderr);
 		} else if (c == '\n') {
-			printf("(\\n)");
+			fprintf(stderr, "(\\n)");
 		} else if (c == '\r') {
-			printf("(\\r)");
+			fprintf(stderr, "(\\r)");
 		} else if (c == 0x1b) {
-			printf("(\\e)");
+			fprintf(stderr, "(\\e)");
 		} else {
-			printf("(%02x)", c);
+			fprintf(stderr, "(%02x)", c);
 		}
 	}
-	putchar('\n');
+	putc('\n', stderr);
 }
 
 void
@@ -2483,7 +1842,7 @@ csireset(void)
 void
 strhandle(void)
 {
-	char *p = NULL;
+	char *p = NULL, *dec;
 	int j, narg, par;
 
 	term.esc &= ~(ESC_STR_END|ESC_STR);
@@ -2499,6 +1858,17 @@ strhandle(void)
 			if (narg > 1)
 				xsettitle(strescseq.args[1]);
 			return;
+		case 52:
+			if (narg > 2 && allowwindowops) {
+				dec = base64dec(strescseq.args[2]);
+				if (dec) {
+					xsetsel(dec);
+					xclipcopy();
+				} else {
+					fprintf(stderr, "erresc: invalid base64\n");
+				}
+			}
+			return;
 		case 4: /* color set */
 			if (narg < 3)
 				break;
@@ -2507,7 +1877,10 @@ strhandle(void)
 		case 104: /* color reset, here p = NULL */
 			j = (narg > 1) ? atoi(strescseq.args[1]) : -1;
 			if (xsetcolorname(j, p)) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: invalid color %s\n", p);
+				if (par == 104 && narg <= 1)
+					return; /* color reset without parameter */
+				fprintf(stderr, "erresc: invalid color j=%d, p=%s\n",
+				        j, p ? p : "(null)");
 			} else {
 				/*
 				 * TODO if defaultbg color is changed, borders
@@ -2556,33 +1929,37 @@ strparse(void)
 void
 strdump(void)
 {
-	int i;
+	size_t i;
 	uint c;
 
-	printf("ESC%c", strescseq.type);
+	fprintf(stderr, "ESC%c", strescseq.type);
 	for (i = 0; i < strescseq.len; i++) {
 		c = strescseq.buf[i] & 0xff;
 		if (c == '\0') {
+			putc('\n', stderr);
 			return;
 		} else if (isprint(c)) {
-			putchar(c);
+			putc(c, stderr);
 		} else if (c == '\n') {
-			printf("(\\n)");
+			fprintf(stderr, "(\\n)");
 		} else if (c == '\r') {
-			printf("(\\r)");
+			fprintf(stderr, "(\\r)");
 		} else if (c == 0x1b) {
-			printf("(\\e)");
+			fprintf(stderr, "(\\e)");
 		} else {
-			printf("(%02x)", c);
+			fprintf(stderr, "(%02x)", c);
 		}
 	}
-	printf("ESC\\\n");
+	fprintf(stderr, "ESC\\\n");
 }
 
 void
 strreset(void)
 {
-	memset(&strescseq, 0, sizeof(strescseq));
+	strescseq = (STREscape){
+		.buf = xrealloc(strescseq.buf, STR_BUF_SIZ),
+		.siz = STR_BUF_SIZ,
+	};
 }
 
 void
@@ -2596,8 +1973,7 @@ void
 tprinter(char *s, size_t len)
 {
 	if (iofd != -1 && xwrite(iofd, s, len) < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Error writing in %s:%s\n",
-			opt_io, strerror(errno));
+		perror("Error writing to output file");
 		close(iofd);
 		iofd = -1;
 	}
@@ -2641,7 +2017,7 @@ tdumpline(int n)
 	bp = &term.line[n][0];
 	end = &bp[MIN(tlinelen(n), term.col) - 1];
 	if (bp != end || bp->u != ' ') {
-		for ( ;bp <= end; ++bp)
+		for ( ; bp <= end; ++bp)
 			tprinter(buf, utf8encode(bp->u, buf));
 	}
 	tprinter("\n", 1);
@@ -2674,19 +2050,12 @@ tputtab(int n)
 }
 
 void
-techo(Rune u)
+tdefutf8(char ascii)
 {
-	if (ISCONTROL(u)) { /* control code */
-		if (u & 0x80) {
-			u &= 0x7f;
-			tputc('^');
-			tputc('[');
-		} else if (u != '\n' && u != '\r' && u != '\t') {
-			u ^= 0x40;
-			tputc('^');
-		}
-	}
-	tputc(u);
+	if (ascii == 'G')
+		term.mode |= MODE_UTF8;
+	else if (ascii == '@')
+		term.mode &= ~MODE_UTF8;
 }
 
 void
@@ -2762,10 +2131,7 @@ tcontrolcode(uchar ascii)
 			/* backwards compatibility to xterm */
 			strhandle();
 		} else {
-			if (!(xw.state & WIN_FOCUSED))
-				xseturgency(1);
-			if (bellvolume)
-				XkbBell(xw.dpy, xw.win, bellvolume, (Atom)NULL);
+			xbell();
 		}
 		break;
 	case '\033': /* ESC */
@@ -2779,6 +2145,7 @@ tcontrolcode(uchar ascii)
 		return;
 	case '\032': /* SUB */
 		tsetchar('?', &term.c.attr, term.c.x, term.c.y);
+		/* FALLTHROUGH */
 	case '\030': /* CAN */
 		csireset();
 		break;
@@ -2821,7 +2188,7 @@ tcontrolcode(uchar ascii)
 	case 0x99:   /* TODO: SGCI */
 		break;
 	case 0x9a:   /* DECID -- Identify Terminal */
-		ttywrite(vtiden, sizeof(vtiden) - 1);
+		ttywrite(vtiden, strlen(vtiden), 0);
 		break;
 	case 0x9b:   /* TODO: CSI */
 	case 0x9c:   /* TODO: ST */
@@ -2851,6 +2218,9 @@ eschandle(uchar ascii)
 	case '#':
 		term.esc |= ESC_TEST;
 		return 0;
+	case '%':
+		term.esc |= ESC_UTF8;
+		return 0;
 	case 'P': /* DCS -- Device Control String */
 	case '_': /* APC -- Application Program Command */
 	case '^': /* PM -- Privacy Message */
@@ -2890,18 +2260,18 @@ eschandle(uchar ascii)
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'Z': /* DECID -- Identify Terminal */
-		ttywrite(vtiden, sizeof(vtiden) - 1);
+		ttywrite(vtiden, strlen(vtiden), 0);
 		break;
-	case 'c': /* RIS -- Reset to inital state */
+	case 'c': /* RIS -- Reset to initial state */
 		treset();
-		xresettitle();
+		resettitle();
 		xloadcols();
 		break;
 	case '=': /* DECPAM -- Application keypad */
-		term.mode |= MODE_APPKEYPAD;
+		xsetmode(1, MODE_APPKEYPAD);
 		break;
 	case '>': /* DECPNM -- Normal keypad */
-		term.mode &= ~MODE_APPKEYPAD;
+		xsetmode(0, MODE_APPKEYPAD);
 		break;
 	case '7': /* DECSC -- Save Cursor */
 		tcursor(CURSOR_SAVE);
@@ -2930,10 +2300,13 @@ tputc(Rune u)
 	Glyph *gp;
 
 	control = ISCONTROL(u);
-	len = utf8encode(u, c);
-	if (!control && (width = wcwidth(u)) == -1) {
-		memcpy(c, "\357\277\275", 4); /* UTF_INVALID */
-		width = 1;
+	if (u < 127 || !IS_SET(MODE_UTF8)) {
+		c[0] = u;
+		width = len = 1;
+	} else {
+		len = utf8encode(u, c);
+		if (!control && (width = wcwidth(u)) == -1)
+			width = 1;
 	}
 
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_PRINT))
@@ -2950,28 +2323,35 @@ tputc(Rune u)
 		   ISCONTROLC1(u)) {
 			term.esc &= ~(ESC_START|ESC_STR);
 			term.esc |= ESC_STR_END;
-		} else if (strescseq.len + len < sizeof(strescseq.buf) - 1) {
-			memmove(&strescseq.buf[strescseq.len], c, len);
-			strescseq.len += len;
-			return;
-		} else {
-		/*
-		 * Here is a bug in terminals. If the user never sends
-		 * some code to stop the str or esc command, then st
-		 * will stop responding. But this is better than
-		 * silently failing with unknown characters. At least
-		 * then users will report back.
-		 *
-		 * In the case users ever get fixed, here is the code:
-		 */
-		/*
-		 * term.esc = 0;
-		 * strhandle();
-		 */
-			return;
+			goto check_control_code;
+		}
+
+		if (strescseq.len+len >= strescseq.siz) {
+			/*
+			 * Here is a bug in terminals. If the user never sends
+			 * some code to stop the str or esc command, then st
+			 * will stop responding. But this is better than
+			 * silently failing with unknown characters. At least
+			 * then users will report back.
+			 *
+			 * In the case users ever get fixed, here is the code:
+			 */
+			/*
+			 * term.esc = 0;
+			 * strhandle();
+			 */
+			if (strescseq.siz > (SIZE_MAX - UTF_SIZ) / 2)
+				return;
+			strescseq.siz *= 2;
+			strescseq.buf = xrealloc(strescseq.buf, strescseq.siz);
 		}
+
+		memmove(&strescseq.buf[strescseq.len], c, len);
+		strescseq.len += len;
+		return;
 	}
 
+check_control_code:
 	/*
 	 * Actions of control codes must be performed as soon they arrive
 	 * because they can be embedded inside a control sequence, and
@@ -2982,6 +2362,8 @@ tputc(Rune u)
 		/*
 		 * control codes are not shown ever
 		 */
+		if (!term.esc)
+			term.lastc = 0;
 		return;
 	} else if (term.esc & ESC_START) {
 		if (term.esc & ESC_CSI) {
@@ -2994,6 +2376,8 @@ tputc(Rune u)
 				csihandle();
 			}
 			return;
+		} else if (term.esc & ESC_UTF8) {
+			tdefutf8(u);
 		} else if (term.esc & ESC_ALTCHARSET) {
 			tdeftran(u);
 		} else if (term.esc & ESC_TEST) {
@@ -3010,8 +2394,8 @@ tputc(Rune u)
 		 */
 		return;
 	}
-	if (sel.ob.x != -1 && BETWEEN(term.c.y, sel.ob.y, sel.oe.y))
-		selclear(NULL);
+	if (selected(term.c.x, term.c.y))
+		selclear();
 
 	gp = &term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x];
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_WRAP) && (term.c.state & CURSOR_WRAPNEXT)) {
@@ -3029,6 +2413,7 @@ tputc(Rune u)
 	}
 
 	tsetchar(u, &term.c.attr, term.c.x, term.c.y);
+	term.lastc = u;
 
 	if (width == 2) {
 		gp->mode |= ATTR_WIDE;
@@ -3044,6 +2429,38 @@ tputc(Rune u)
 	}
 }
 
+int
+twrite(const char *buf, int buflen, int show_ctrl)
+{
+	int charsize;
+	Rune u;
+	int n;
+
+	for (n = 0; n < buflen; n += charsize) {
+		if (IS_SET(MODE_UTF8)) {
+			/* process a complete utf8 char */
+			charsize = utf8decode(buf + n, &u, buflen - n);
+			if (charsize == 0)
+				break;
+		} else {
+			u = buf[n] & 0xFF;
+			charsize = 1;
+		}
+		if (show_ctrl && ISCONTROL(u)) {
+			if (u & 0x80) {
+				u &= 0x7f;
+				tputc('^');
+				tputc('[');
+			} else if (u != '\n' && u != '\r' && u != '\t') {
+				u ^= 0x40;
+				tputc('^');
+			}
+		}
+		tputc(u);
+	}
+	return n;
+}
+
 void
 tresize(int col, int row)
 {
@@ -3078,9 +2495,6 @@ tresize(int col, int row)
 		free(term.alt[i]);
 	}
 
-	/* resize to new width */
-	term.specbuf = xrealloc(term.specbuf, col * sizeof(XftGlyphFontSpec));
-
 	/* resize to new height */
 	term.line = xrealloc(term.line, row * sizeof(Line));
 	term.alt  = xrealloc(term.alt,  row * sizeof(Line));
@@ -3094,7 +2508,7 @@ tresize(int col, int row)
 	}
 
 	/* allocate any new rows */
-	for (/* i == minrow */; i < row; i++) {
+	for (/* i = minrow */; i < row; i++) {
 		term.line[i] = xmalloc(col * sizeof(Glyph));
 		term.alt[i] = xmalloc(col * sizeof(Glyph));
 	}
@@ -3130,1275 +2544,54 @@ tresize(int col, int row)
 }
 
 void
-xresize(int col, int row)
-{
-	xw.tw = MAX(1, col * xw.cw);
-	xw.th = MAX(1, row * xw.ch);
-
-	XFreePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.buf);
-	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, xw.w, xw.h,
-			DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
-	XftDrawChange(xw.draw, xw.buf);
-	xclear(0, 0, xw.w, xw.h);
-}
-
-ushort
-sixd_to_16bit(int x)
+resettitle(void)
 {
-	return x == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * x;
-}
-
-int
-xloadcolor(int i, const char *name, Color *ncolor)
-{
-	XRenderColor color = { .alpha = 0xffff };
-
-	if (!name) {
-		if (BETWEEN(i, 16, 255)) { /* 256 color */
-			if (i < 6*6*6+16) { /* same colors as xterm */
-				color.red   = sixd_to_16bit( ((i-16)/36)%6 );
-				color.green = sixd_to_16bit( ((i-16)/6) %6 );
-				color.blue  = sixd_to_16bit( ((i-16)/1) %6 );
-			} else { /* greyscale */
-				color.red = 0x0808 + 0x0a0a * (i - (6*6*6+16));
-				color.green = color.blue = color.red;
-			}
-			return XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis,
-			                          xw.cmap, &color, ncolor);
-		} else
-			name = colorname[i];
-	}
-
-	return XftColorAllocName(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, name, ncolor);
+	xsettitle(NULL);
 }
 
 void
-xloadcols(void)
+drawregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
 {
-	int i;
-	static int loaded;
-	Color *cp;
+	int y;
 
-	if (loaded) {
-		for (cp = dc.col; cp < &dc.col[LEN(dc.col)]; ++cp)
-			XftColorFree(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, cp);
-	}
+	for (y = y1; y < y2; y++) {
+		if (!term.dirty[y])
+			continue;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < LEN(dc.col); i++)
-		if (!xloadcolor(i, NULL, &dc.col[i])) {
-			if (colorname[i])
-				die("Could not allocate color '%s'\n", colorname[i]);
-			else
-				die("Could not allocate color %d\n", i);
-		}
-	loaded = 1;
+		term.dirty[y] = 0;
+		xdrawline(term.line[y], x1, y, x2);
+	}
 }
 
-int
-xsetcolorname(int x, const char *name)
+void
+draw(void)
 {
-	Color ncolor;
-
-	if (!BETWEEN(x, 0, LEN(dc.col)))
-		return 1;
-
-
-	if (!xloadcolor(x, name, &ncolor))
-		return 1;
+	int cx = term.c.x, ocx = term.ocx, ocy = term.ocy;
 
-	XftColorFree(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &dc.col[x]);
-	dc.col[x] = ncolor;
+	if (!xstartdraw())
+		return;
 
-	return 0;
-}
+	/* adjust cursor position */
+	LIMIT(term.ocx, 0, term.col-1);
+	LIMIT(term.ocy, 0, term.row-1);
+	if (term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx].mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
+		term.ocx--;
+	if (term.line[term.c.y][cx].mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
+		cx--;
 
-/*
- * Absolute coordinates.
- */
-void
-xclear(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
-{
-	XftDrawRect(xw.draw,
-			&dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)? defaultfg : defaultbg],
-			x1, y1, x2-x1, y2-y1);
+	drawregion(0, 0, term.col, term.row);
+	xdrawcursor(cx, term.c.y, term.line[term.c.y][cx],
+			term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx]);
+	term.ocx = cx;
+	term.ocy = term.c.y;
+	xfinishdraw();
+	if (ocx != term.ocx || ocy != term.ocy)
+		xximspot(term.ocx, term.ocy);
 }
 
 void
-xhints(void)
-{
-	XClassHint class = {opt_name ? opt_name : termname,
-	                    opt_class ? opt_class : termname};
-	XWMHints wm = {.flags = InputHint, .input = 1};
-	XSizeHints *sizeh = NULL;
-
-	sizeh = XAllocSizeHints();
-
-	sizeh->flags = PSize | PResizeInc | PBaseSize;
-	sizeh->height = xw.h;
-	sizeh->width = xw.w;
-	sizeh->height_inc = xw.ch;
-	sizeh->width_inc = xw.cw;
-	sizeh->base_height = 2 * borderpx;
-	sizeh->base_width = 2 * borderpx;
-	if (xw.isfixed) {
-		sizeh->flags |= PMaxSize | PMinSize;
-		sizeh->min_width = sizeh->max_width = xw.w;
-		sizeh->min_height = sizeh->max_height = xw.h;
-	}
-	if (xw.gm & (XValue|YValue)) {
-		sizeh->flags |= USPosition | PWinGravity;
-		sizeh->x = xw.l;
-		sizeh->y = xw.t;
-		sizeh->win_gravity = xgeommasktogravity(xw.gm);
-	}
-
-	XSetWMProperties(xw.dpy, xw.win, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeh, &wm,
-			&class);
-	XFree(sizeh);
-}
-
-int
-xgeommasktogravity(int mask)
+redraw(void)
 {
-	switch (mask & (XNegative|YNegative)) {
-	case 0:
-		return NorthWestGravity;
-	case XNegative:
-		return NorthEastGravity;
-	case YNegative:
-		return SouthWestGravity;
-	}
-
-	return SouthEastGravity;
+	tfulldirt();
+	draw();
 }
-
-int
-xloadfont(Font *f, FcPattern *pattern)
-{
-	FcPattern *match;
-	FcResult result;
-	XGlyphInfo extents;
-
-	match = XftFontMatch(xw.dpy, xw.scr, pattern, &result);
-	if (!match)
-		return 1;
-
-	if (!(f->match = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, match))) {
-		FcPatternDestroy(match);
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	XftTextExtentsUtf8(xw.dpy, f->match,
-		(const FcChar8 *) ascii_printable,
-		strlen(ascii_printable), &extents);
-
-	f->set = NULL;
-	f->pattern = FcPatternDuplicate(pattern);
-
-	f->ascent = f->match->ascent;
-	f->descent = f->match->descent;
-	f->lbearing = 0;
-	f->rbearing = f->match->max_advance_width;
-
-	f->height = f->ascent + f->descent;
-	f->width = DIVCEIL(extents.xOff, strlen(ascii_printable));
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void
-xloadfonts(char *fontstr, double fontsize)
-{
-	FcPattern *pattern;
-	double fontval;
-	float ceilf(float);
-
-	if (fontstr[0] == '-') {
-		pattern = XftXlfdParse(fontstr, False, False);
-	} else {
-		pattern = FcNameParse((FcChar8 *)fontstr);
-	}
-
-	if (!pattern)
-		die("st: can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
-
-	if (fontsize > 1) {
-		FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE);
-		FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SIZE);
-		FcPatternAddDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, (double)fontsize);
-		usedfontsize = fontsize;
-	} else {
-		if (FcPatternGetDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 0, &fontval) ==
-				FcResultMatch) {
-			usedfontsize = fontval;
-		} else if (FcPatternGetDouble(pattern, FC_SIZE, 0, &fontval) ==
-				FcResultMatch) {
-			usedfontsize = -1;
-		} else {
-			/*
-			 * Default font size is 12, if none given. This is to
-			 * have a known usedfontsize value.
-			 */
-			FcPatternAddDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 12);
-			usedfontsize = 12;
-		}
-		defaultfontsize = usedfontsize;
-	}
-
-	if (xloadfont(&dc.font, pattern))
-		die("st: can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
-
-	if (usedfontsize < 0) {
-		FcPatternGetDouble(dc.font.match->pattern,
-		                   FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 0, &fontval);
-		usedfontsize = fontval;
-		if (fontsize == 0)
-			defaultfontsize = fontval;
-	}
-
-	/* Setting character width and height. */
-	xw.cw = ceilf(dc.font.width * cwscale);
-	xw.ch = ceilf(dc.font.height * chscale);
-
-	FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SLANT);
-	FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ITALIC);
-	if (xloadfont(&dc.ifont, pattern))
-		die("st: can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
-
-	FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_WEIGHT);
-	FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_WEIGHT, FC_WEIGHT_BOLD);
-	if (xloadfont(&dc.ibfont, pattern))
-		die("st: can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
-
-	FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SLANT);
-	FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ROMAN);
-	if (xloadfont(&dc.bfont, pattern))
-		die("st: can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
-
-	FcPatternDestroy(pattern);
-}
-
-void
-xunloadfont(Font *f)
-{
-	XftFontClose(xw.dpy, f->match);
-	FcPatternDestroy(f->pattern);
-	if (f->set)
-		FcFontSetDestroy(f->set);
-}
-
-void
-xunloadfonts(void)
-{
-	/* Free the loaded fonts in the font cache.  */
-	while (frclen > 0)
-		XftFontClose(xw.dpy, frc[--frclen].font);
-
-	xunloadfont(&dc.font);
-	xunloadfont(&dc.bfont);
-	xunloadfont(&dc.ifont);
-	xunloadfont(&dc.ibfont);
-}
-
-void
-xzoom(const Arg *arg)
-{
-	Arg larg;
-
-	larg.f = usedfontsize + arg->f;
-	xzoomabs(&larg);
-}
-
-void
-xzoomabs(const Arg *arg)
-{
-	xunloadfonts();
-	xloadfonts(usedfont, arg->f);
-	cresize(0, 0);
-	ttyresize();
-	redraw();
-	xhints();
-}
-
-void
-xzoomreset(const Arg *arg)
-{
-	Arg larg;
-
-	if (defaultfontsize > 0) {
-		larg.f = defaultfontsize;
-		xzoomabs(&larg);
-	}
-}
-
-void
-xinit(void)
-{
-	XGCValues gcvalues;
-	Cursor cursor;
-	Window parent;
-	pid_t thispid = getpid();
-	XColor xmousefg, xmousebg;
-
-	if (!(xw.dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
-		die("Can't open display\n");
-	xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dpy);
-	xw.vis = XDefaultVisual(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
-
-	/* font */
-	if (!FcInit())
-		die("Could not init fontconfig.\n");
-
-	usedfont = (opt_font == NULL)? font : opt_font;
-	xloadfonts(usedfont, 0);
-
-	/* colors */
-	xw.cmap = XDefaultColormap(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
-	xloadcols();
-
-	/* adjust fixed window geometry */
-	xw.w = 2 * borderpx + term.col * xw.cw;
-	xw.h = 2 * borderpx + term.row * xw.ch;
-	if (xw.gm & XNegative)
-		xw.l += DisplayWidth(xw.dpy, xw.scr) - xw.w - 2;
-	if (xw.gm & YNegative)
-		xw.t += DisplayHeight(xw.dpy, xw.scr) - xw.h - 2;
-
-	/* Events */
-	xw.attrs.background_pixel = dc.col[defaultbg].pixel;
-	xw.attrs.border_pixel = dc.col[defaultbg].pixel;
-	xw.attrs.bit_gravity = NorthWestGravity;
-	xw.attrs.event_mask = FocusChangeMask | KeyPressMask
-		| ExposureMask | VisibilityChangeMask | StructureNotifyMask
-		| ButtonMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
-	xw.attrs.colormap = xw.cmap;
-
-	if (!(opt_embed && (parent = strtol(opt_embed, NULL, 0))))
-		parent = XRootWindow(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
-	xw.win = XCreateWindow(xw.dpy, parent, xw.l, xw.t,
-			xw.w, xw.h, 0, XDefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr), InputOutput,
-			xw.vis, CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel | CWBitGravity
-			| CWEventMask | CWColormap, &xw.attrs);
-
-	memset(&gcvalues, 0, sizeof(gcvalues));
-	gcvalues.graphics_exposures = False;
-	dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, parent, GCGraphicsExposures,
-			&gcvalues);
-	xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, xw.w, xw.h,
-			DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
-	XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[defaultbg].pixel);
-	XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, 0, 0, xw.w, xw.h);
-
-	/* Xft rendering context */
-	xw.draw = XftDrawCreate(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.vis, xw.cmap);
-
-	/* input methods */
-	if ((xw.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
-		XSetLocaleModifiers("@im=local");
-		if ((xw.xim =  XOpenIM(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
-			XSetLocaleModifiers("@im=");
-			if ((xw.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dpy,
-					NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
-				die("XOpenIM failed. Could not open input"
-					" device.\n");
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	xw.xic = XCreateIC(xw.xim, XNInputStyle, XIMPreeditNothing
-					   | XIMStatusNothing, XNClientWindow, xw.win,
-					   XNFocusWindow, xw.win, NULL);
-	if (xw.xic == NULL)
-		die("XCreateIC failed. Could not obtain input method.\n");
-
-	/* white cursor, black outline */
-	cursor = XCreateFontCursor(xw.dpy, mouseshape);
-	XDefineCursor(xw.dpy, xw.win, cursor);
-
-	if (XParseColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[mousefg], &xmousefg) == 0) {
-		xmousefg.red   = 0xffff;
-		xmousefg.green = 0xffff;
-		xmousefg.blue  = 0xffff;
-	}
-
-	if (XParseColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[mousebg], &xmousebg) == 0) {
-		xmousebg.red   = 0x0000;
-		xmousebg.green = 0x0000;
-		xmousebg.blue  = 0x0000;
-	}
-
-	XRecolorCursor(xw.dpy, cursor, &xmousefg, &xmousebg);
-
-	xw.xembed = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_XEMBED", False);
-	xw.wmdeletewin = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
-	xw.netwmname = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
-	XSetWMProtocols(xw.dpy, xw.win, &xw.wmdeletewin, 1);
-
-	xw.netwmpid = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_PID", False);
-	XChangeProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, xw.netwmpid, XA_CARDINAL, 32,
-			PropModeReplace, (uchar *)&thispid, 1);
-
-	xresettitle();
-	XMapWindow(xw.dpy, xw.win);
-	xhints();
-	XSync(xw.dpy, False);
-}
-
-int
-xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x, int y)
-{
-	float winx = borderpx + x * xw.cw, winy = borderpx + y * xw.ch, xp, yp;
-	ushort mode, prevmode = USHRT_MAX;
-	Font *font = &dc.font;
-	int frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
-	float runewidth = xw.cw;
-	Rune rune;
-	FT_UInt glyphidx;
-	FcResult fcres;
-	FcPattern *fcpattern, *fontpattern;
-	FcFontSet *fcsets[] = { NULL };
-	FcCharSet *fccharset;
-	int i, f, numspecs = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0, xp = winx, yp = winy + font->ascent; i < len; ++i) {
-		/* Fetch rune and mode for current glyph. */
-		rune = glyphs[i].u;
-		mode = glyphs[i].mode;
-
-		/* Skip dummy wide-character spacing. */
-		if (mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
-			continue;
-
-		/* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
-		if (prevmode != mode) {
-			prevmode = mode;
-			font = &dc.font;
-			frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
-			runewidth = xw.cw * ((mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
-			if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
-				font = &dc.ibfont;
-				frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
-			} else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
-				font = &dc.ifont;
-				frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
-			} else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
-				font = &dc.bfont;
-				frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
-			}
-			yp = winy + font->ascent;
-		}
-
-		/* Lookup character index with default font. */
-		glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, font->match, rune);
-		if (glyphidx) {
-			specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
-			specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
-			specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
-			specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
-			xp += runewidth;
-			numspecs++;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		/* Fallback on font cache, search the font cache for match. */
-		for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++) {
-			glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
-			/* Everything correct. */
-			if (glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags)
-				break;
-			/* We got a default font for a not found glyph. */
-			if (!glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags
-					&& frc[f].unicodep == rune) {
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-
-		/* Nothing was found. Use fontconfig to find matching font. */
-		if (f >= frclen) {
-			if (!font->set)
-				font->set = FcFontSort(0, font->pattern,
-				                       1, 0, &fcres);
-			fcsets[0] = font->set;
-
-			/*
-			 * Nothing was found in the cache. Now use
-			 * some dozen of Fontconfig calls to get the
-			 * font for one single character.
-			 *
-			 * Xft and fontconfig are design failures.
-			 */
-			fcpattern = FcPatternDuplicate(font->pattern);
-			fccharset = FcCharSetCreate();
-
-			FcCharSetAddChar(fccharset, rune);
-			FcPatternAddCharSet(fcpattern, FC_CHARSET,
-					fccharset);
-			FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_SCALABLE, 1);
-
-			FcConfigSubstitute(0, fcpattern,
-					FcMatchPattern);
-			FcDefaultSubstitute(fcpattern);
-
-			fontpattern = FcFontSetMatch(0, fcsets, 1,
-					fcpattern, &fcres);
-
-			/*
-			 * Overwrite or create the new cache entry.
-			 */
-			if (frclen >= LEN(frc)) {
-				frclen = LEN(frc) - 1;
-				XftFontClose(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font);
-				frc[frclen].unicodep = 0;
-			}
-
-			frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy,
-					fontpattern);
-			frc[frclen].flags = frcflags;
-			frc[frclen].unicodep = rune;
-
-			glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font, rune);
-
-			f = frclen;
-			frclen++;
-
-			FcPatternDestroy(fcpattern);
-			FcCharSetDestroy(fccharset);
-		}
-
-		specs[numspecs].font = frc[f].font;
-		specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
-		specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
-		specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
-		xp += runewidth;
-		numspecs++;
-	}
-
-	return numspecs;
-}
-
-void
-xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, Glyph base, int len, int x, int y)
-{
-	int charlen = len * ((base.mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2 : 1);
-	int winx = borderpx + x * xw.cw, winy = borderpx + y * xw.ch,
-	    width = charlen * xw.cw;
-	Color *fg, *bg, *temp, revfg, revbg, truefg, truebg;
-	XRenderColor colfg, colbg;
-	XRectangle r;
-
-	/* Determine foreground and background colors based on mode. */
-	if (base.fg == defaultfg) {
-		if (base.mode & ATTR_ITALIC)
-			base.fg = defaultitalic;
-		else if ((base.mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (base.mode & ATTR_BOLD))
-			base.fg = defaultitalic;
-		else if (base.mode & ATTR_UNDERLINE)
-			base.fg = defaultunderline;
-	}
-
-	if (IS_TRUECOL(base.fg)) {
-		colfg.alpha = 0xffff;
-		colfg.red = TRUERED(base.fg);
-		colfg.green = TRUEGREEN(base.fg);
-		colfg.blue = TRUEBLUE(base.fg);
-		XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &truefg);
-		fg = &truefg;
-	} else {
-		fg = &dc.col[base.fg];
-	}
-
-	if (IS_TRUECOL(base.bg)) {
-		colbg.alpha = 0xffff;
-		colbg.green = TRUEGREEN(base.bg);
-		colbg.red = TRUERED(base.bg);
-		colbg.blue = TRUEBLUE(base.bg);
-		XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colbg, &truebg);
-		bg = &truebg;
-	} else {
-		bg = &dc.col[base.bg];
-	}
-
-	/* Change basic system colors [0-7] to bright system colors [8-15] */
-	if ((base.mode & ATTR_BOLD_FAINT) == ATTR_BOLD && BETWEEN(base.fg, 0, 7))
-		fg = &dc.col[base.fg + 8];
-
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
-		if (fg == &dc.col[defaultfg]) {
-			fg = &dc.col[defaultbg];
-		} else {
-			colfg.red = ~fg->color.red;
-			colfg.green = ~fg->color.green;
-			colfg.blue = ~fg->color.blue;
-			colfg.alpha = fg->color.alpha;
-			XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg,
-					&revfg);
-			fg = &revfg;
-		}
-
-		if (bg == &dc.col[defaultbg]) {
-			bg = &dc.col[defaultfg];
-		} else {
-			colbg.red = ~bg->color.red;
-			colbg.green = ~bg->color.green;
-			colbg.blue = ~bg->color.blue;
-			colbg.alpha = bg->color.alpha;
-			XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colbg,
-					&revbg);
-			bg = &revbg;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (base.mode & ATTR_REVERSE) {
-		temp = fg;
-		fg = bg;
-		bg = temp;
-	}
-
-	if ((base.mode & ATTR_BOLD_FAINT) == ATTR_FAINT) {
-		colfg.red = fg->color.red / 2;
-		colfg.green = fg->color.green / 2;
-		colfg.blue = fg->color.blue / 2;
-		XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &revfg);
-		fg = &revfg;
-	}
-
-	if (base.mode & ATTR_BLINK && term.mode & MODE_BLINK)
-		fg = bg;
-
-	if (base.mode & ATTR_INVISIBLE)
-		fg = bg;
-
-	/* Intelligent cleaning up of the borders. */
-	if (x == 0) {
-		xclear(0, (y == 0)? 0 : winy, borderpx,
-			winy + xw.ch + ((y >= term.row-1)? xw.h : 0));
-	}
-	if (x + charlen >= term.col) {
-		xclear(winx + width, (y == 0)? 0 : winy, xw.w,
-			((y >= term.row-1)? xw.h : (winy + xw.ch)));
-	}
-	if (y == 0)
-		xclear(winx, 0, winx + width, borderpx);
-	if (y == term.row-1)
-		xclear(winx, winy + xw.ch, winx + width, xw.h);
-
-	/* Clean up the region we want to draw to. */
-	XftDrawRect(xw.draw, bg, winx, winy, width, xw.ch);
-
-	/* Set the clip region because Xft is sometimes dirty. */
-	r.x = 0;
-	r.y = 0;
-	r.height = xw.ch;
-	r.width = width;
-	XftDrawSetClipRectangles(xw.draw, winx, winy, &r, 1);
-
-	/* Render the glyphs. */
-	XftDrawGlyphFontSpec(xw.draw, fg, specs, len);
-
-	/* Render underline and strikethrough. */
-	if (base.mode & ATTR_UNDERLINE) {
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + dc.font.ascent + 1,
-				width, 1);
-	}
-
-	if (base.mode & ATTR_STRUCK) {
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + 2 * dc.font.ascent / 3,
-				width, 1);
-	}
-
-	/* Reset clip to none. */
-	XftDrawSetClip(xw.draw, 0);
-}
-
-void
-xdrawglyph(Glyph g, int x, int y)
-{
-	int numspecs;
-	XftGlyphFontSpec spec;
-
-	numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(&spec, &g, 1, x, y);
-	xdrawglyphfontspecs(&spec, g, numspecs, x, y);
-}
-
-void
-xdrawcursor(void)
-{
-	static int oldx = 0, oldy = 0;
-	int curx;
-	Glyph g = {' ', ATTR_NULL, defaultbg, defaultcs}, og;
-	int ena_sel = sel.ob.x != -1 && sel.alt == IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN);
-	Color drawcol;
-
-	LIMIT(oldx, 0, term.col-1);
-	LIMIT(oldy, 0, term.row-1);
-
-	curx = term.c.x;
-
-	/* adjust position if in dummy */
-	if (term.line[oldy][oldx].mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
-		oldx--;
-	if (term.line[term.c.y][curx].mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
-		curx--;
-
-	/* remove the old cursor */
-	og = term.line[oldy][oldx];
-	if (ena_sel && selected(oldx, oldy))
-		og.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
-	xdrawglyph(og, oldx, oldy);
-
-	g.u = term.line[term.c.y][term.c.x].u;
-
-	/*
-	 * Select the right color for the right mode.
-	 */
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
-		g.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;
-		g.bg = defaultfg;
-		if (ena_sel && selected(term.c.x, term.c.y)) {
-			drawcol = dc.col[defaultcs];
-			g.fg = defaultrcs;
-		} else {
-			drawcol = dc.col[defaultrcs];
-			g.fg = defaultcs;
-		}
-	} else {
-		if (ena_sel && selected(term.c.x, term.c.y)) {
-			drawcol = dc.col[defaultrcs];
-			g.fg = defaultfg;
-			g.bg = defaultrcs;
-		} else {
-			drawcol = dc.col[defaultcs];
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_HIDE))
-		return;
-
-	/* draw the new one */
-	if (xw.state & WIN_FOCUSED) {
-		switch (xw.cursor) {
-		case 7: /* st extension: snowman */
-			utf8decode("☃", &g.u, UTF_SIZ);
-		case 0: /* Blinking Block */
-		case 1: /* Blinking Block (Default) */
-		case 2: /* Steady Block */
-			g.mode |= term.line[term.c.y][curx].mode & ATTR_WIDE;
-			xdrawglyph(g, term.c.x, term.c.y);
-			break;
-		case 3: /* Blinking Underline */
-		case 4: /* Steady Underline */
-			XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-					borderpx + curx * xw.cw,
-					borderpx + (term.c.y + 1) * xw.ch - \
-						cursorthickness,
-					xw.cw, cursorthickness);
-			break;
-		case 5: /* Blinking bar */
-		case 6: /* Steady bar */
-			XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-					borderpx + curx * xw.cw,
-					borderpx + term.c.y * xw.ch,
-					cursorthickness, xw.ch);
-			break;
-		}
-	} else {
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + curx * xw.cw,
-				borderpx + term.c.y * xw.ch,
-				xw.cw - 1, 1);
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + curx * xw.cw,
-				borderpx + term.c.y * xw.ch,
-				1, xw.ch - 1);
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + (curx + 1) * xw.cw - 1,
-				borderpx + term.c.y * xw.ch,
-				1, xw.ch - 1);
-		XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol,
-				borderpx + curx * xw.cw,
-				borderpx + (term.c.y + 1) * xw.ch - 1,
-				xw.cw, 1);
-	}
-	oldx = curx, oldy = term.c.y;
-}
-
-
-void
-xsettitle(char *p)
-{
-	XTextProperty prop;
-
-	Xutf8TextListToTextProperty(xw.dpy, &p, 1, XUTF8StringStyle,
-			&prop);
-	XSetWMName(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop);
-	XSetTextProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop, xw.netwmname);
-	XFree(prop.value);
-}
-
-void
-xresettitle(void)
-{
-	xsettitle(opt_title ? opt_title : "st");
-}
-
-void
-redraw(void)
-{
-	tfulldirt();
-	draw();
-}
-
-void
-draw(void)
-{
-	drawregion(0, 0, term.col, term.row);
-	XCopyArea(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, xw.w,
-			xw.h, 0, 0);
-	XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc,
-			dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)?
-				defaultfg : defaultbg].pixel);
-}
-
-void
-drawregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
-{
-	int i, x, y, ox, numspecs;
-	Glyph base, new;
-	XftGlyphFontSpec *specs;
-	int ena_sel = sel.ob.x != -1 && sel.alt == IS_SET(MODE_ALTSCREEN);
-
-	if (!(xw.state & WIN_VISIBLE))
-		return;
-
-	for (y = y1; y < y2; y++) {
-		if (!term.dirty[y])
-			continue;
-
-		term.dirty[y] = 0;
-
-		specs = term.specbuf;
-		numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &term.line[y][x1], x2 - x1, x1, y);
-
-		i = ox = 0;
-		for (x = x1; x < x2 && i < numspecs; x++) {
-			new = term.line[y][x];
-			if (new.mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
-				continue;
-			if (ena_sel && selected(x, y))
-				new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
-			if (i > 0 && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
-				xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y);
-				specs += i;
-				numspecs -= i;
-				i = 0;
-			}
-			if (i == 0) {
-				ox = x;
-				base = new;
-			}
-			i++;
-		}
-		if (i > 0)
-			xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y);
-	}
-	xdrawcursor();
-}
-
-void
-expose(XEvent *ev)
-{
-	redraw();
-}
-
-void
-visibility(XEvent *ev)
-{
-	XVisibilityEvent *e = &ev->xvisibility;
-
-	MODBIT(xw.state, e->state != VisibilityFullyObscured, WIN_VISIBLE);
-}
-
-void
-unmap(XEvent *ev)
-{
-	xw.state &= ~WIN_VISIBLE;
-}
-
-void
-xsetpointermotion(int set)
-{
-	MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, set, PointerMotionMask);
-	XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);
-}
-
-void
-xseturgency(int add)
-{
-	XWMHints *h = XGetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win);
-
-	MODBIT(h->flags, add, XUrgencyHint);
-	XSetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win, h);
-	XFree(h);
-}
-
-void
-focus(XEvent *ev)
-{
-	XFocusChangeEvent *e = &ev->xfocus;
-
-	if (e->mode == NotifyGrab)
-		return;
-
-	if (ev->type == FocusIn) {
-		XSetICFocus(xw.xic);
-		xw.state |= WIN_FOCUSED;
-		xseturgency(0);
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
-			ttywrite("\033[I", 3);
-	} else {
-		XUnsetICFocus(xw.xic);
-		xw.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
-			ttywrite("\033[O", 3);
-	}
-}
-
-int
-match(uint mask, uint state)
-{
-	return mask == XK_ANY_MOD || mask == (state & ~ignoremod);
-}
-
-void
-numlock(const Arg *dummy)
-{
-	term.numlock ^= 1;
-}
-
-char*
-kmap(KeySym k, uint state)
-{
-	Key *kp;
-	int i;
-
-	/* Check for mapped keys out of X11 function keys. */
-	for (i = 0; i < LEN(mappedkeys); i++) {
-		if (mappedkeys[i] == k)
-			break;
-	}
-	if (i == LEN(mappedkeys)) {
-		if ((k & 0xFFFF) < 0xFD00)
-			return NULL;
-	}
-
-	for (kp = key; kp < key + LEN(key); kp++) {
-		if (kp->k != k)
-			continue;
-
-		if (!match(kp->mask, state))
-			continue;
-
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? kp->appkey < 0 : kp->appkey > 0)
-			continue;
-		if (term.numlock && kp->appkey == 2)
-			continue;
-
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_APPCURSOR) ? kp->appcursor < 0 : kp->appcursor > 0)
-			continue;
-
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_CRLF) ? kp->crlf < 0 : kp->crlf > 0)
-			continue;
-
-		return kp->s;
-	}
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-void
-kpress(XEvent *ev)
-{
-	XKeyEvent *e = &ev->xkey;
-	KeySym ksym;
-	char buf[32], *customkey;
-	int len;
-	Rune c;
-	Status status;
-	Shortcut *bp;
-
-	if (IS_SET(MODE_KBDLOCK))
-		return;
-
-	len = XmbLookupString(xw.xic, e, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, &status);
-	/* 1. shortcuts */
-	for (bp = shortcuts; bp < shortcuts + LEN(shortcuts); bp++) {
-		if (ksym == bp->keysym && match(bp->mod, e->state)) {
-			bp->func(&(bp->arg));
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/* 2. custom keys from config.h */
-	if ((customkey = kmap(ksym, e->state))) {
-		ttysend(customkey, strlen(customkey));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	/* 3. composed string from input method */
-	if (len == 0)
-		return;
-	if (len == 1 && e->state & Mod1Mask) {
-		if (IS_SET(MODE_8BIT)) {
-			if (*buf < 0177) {
-				c = *buf | 0x80;
-				len = utf8encode(c, buf);
-			}
-		} else {
-			buf[1] = buf[0];
-			buf[0] = '\033';
-			len = 2;
-		}
-	}
-	ttysend(buf, len);
-}
-
-
-void
-cmessage(XEvent *e)
-{
-	/*
-	 * See xembed specs
-	 *  http://standards.freedesktop.org/xembed-spec/xembed-spec-latest.html
-	 */
-	if (e->xclient.message_type == xw.xembed && e->xclient.format == 32) {
-		if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_IN) {
-			xw.state |= WIN_FOCUSED;
-			xseturgency(0);
-		} else if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT) {
-			xw.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
-		}
-	} else if (e->xclient.data.l[0] == xw.wmdeletewin) {
-		/* Send SIGHUP to shell */
-		kill(pid, SIGHUP);
-		exit(0);
-	}
-}
-
-void
-cresize(int width, int height)
-{
-	int col, row;
-
-	if (width != 0)
-		xw.w = width;
-	if (height != 0)
-		xw.h = height;
-
-	col = (xw.w - 2 * borderpx) / xw.cw;
-	row = (xw.h - 2 * borderpx) / xw.ch;
-
-	tresize(col, row);
-	xresize(col, row);
-}
-
-void
-resize(XEvent *e)
-{
-	if (e->xconfigure.width == xw.w && e->xconfigure.height == xw.h)
-		return;
-
-	cresize(e->xconfigure.width, e->xconfigure.height);
-	ttyresize();
-}
-
-void
-run(void)
-{
-	XEvent ev;
-	int w = xw.w, h = xw.h;
-	fd_set rfd;
-	int xfd = XConnectionNumber(xw.dpy), xev, blinkset = 0, dodraw = 0;
-	struct timespec drawtimeout, *tv = NULL, now, last, lastblink;
-	long deltatime;
-
-	/* Waiting for window mapping */
-	do {
-		XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
-		/*
-		 * This XFilterEvent call is required because of XOpenIM. It
-		 * does filter out the key event and some client message for
-		 * the input method too.
-		 */
-		if (XFilterEvent(&ev, None))
-			continue;
-		if (ev.type == ConfigureNotify) {
-			w = ev.xconfigure.width;
-			h = ev.xconfigure.height;
-		}
-	} while (ev.type != MapNotify);
-
-	cresize(w, h);
-	ttynew();
-	ttyresize();
-
-	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
-	lastblink = last;
-
-	for (xev = actionfps;;) {
-		FD_ZERO(&rfd);
-		FD_SET(cmdfd, &rfd);
-		FD_SET(xfd, &rfd);
-
-		if (pselect(MAX(xfd, cmdfd)+1, &rfd, NULL, NULL, tv, NULL) < 0) {
-			if (errno == EINTR)
-				continue;
-			die("select failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-		}
-		if (FD_ISSET(cmdfd, &rfd)) {
-			ttyread();
-			if (blinktimeout) {
-				blinkset = tattrset(ATTR_BLINK);
-				if (!blinkset)
-					MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_BLINK);
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (FD_ISSET(xfd, &rfd))
-			xev = actionfps;
-
-		clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
-		drawtimeout.tv_sec = 0;
-		drawtimeout.tv_nsec =  (1000 * 1E6)/ xfps;
-		tv = &drawtimeout;
-
-		dodraw = 0;
-		if (blinktimeout && TIMEDIFF(now, lastblink) > blinktimeout) {
-			tsetdirtattr(ATTR_BLINK);
-			term.mode ^= MODE_BLINK;
-			lastblink = now;
-			dodraw = 1;
-		}
-		deltatime = TIMEDIFF(now, last);
-		if (deltatime > 1000 / (xev ? xfps : actionfps)) {
-			dodraw = 1;
-			last = now;
-		}
-
-		if (dodraw) {
-			while (XPending(xw.dpy)) {
-				XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
-				if (XFilterEvent(&ev, None))
-					continue;
-				if (handler[ev.type])
-					(handler[ev.type])(&ev);
-			}
-
-			draw();
-			XFlush(xw.dpy);
-
-			if (xev && !FD_ISSET(xfd, &rfd))
-				xev--;
-			if (!FD_ISSET(cmdfd, &rfd) && !FD_ISSET(xfd, &rfd)) {
-				if (blinkset) {
-					if (TIMEDIFF(now, lastblink) \
-							> blinktimeout) {
-						drawtimeout.tv_nsec = 1000;
-					} else {
-						drawtimeout.tv_nsec = (1E6 * \
-							(blinktimeout - \
-							TIMEDIFF(now,
-								lastblink)));
-					}
-					drawtimeout.tv_sec = \
-					    drawtimeout.tv_nsec / 1E9;
-					drawtimeout.tv_nsec %= (long)1E9;
-				} else {
-					tv = NULL;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-void
-usage(void)
-{
-	die("usage: %s [-aiv] [-c class] [-f font] [-g geometry]"
-	    " [-n name] [-o file]\n"
-	    "          [-T title] [-t title] [-w windowid]"
-	    " [[-e] command [args ...]]\n"
-	    "       %s [-aiv] [-c class] [-f font] [-g geometry]"
-	    " [-n name] [-o file]\n"
-	    "          [-T title] [-t title] [-w windowid] -l line"
-	    " [stty_args ...]\n", argv0, argv0);
-}
-
-int
-main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	uint cols = 80, rows = 24;
-
-	xw.l = xw.t = 0;
-	xw.isfixed = False;
-	xw.cursor = cursorshape;
-
-	ARGBEGIN {
-	case 'a':
-		allowaltscreen = 0;
-		break;
-	case 'c':
-		opt_class = EARGF(usage());
-		break;
-	case 'e':
-		if (argc > 0)
-			--argc, ++argv;
-		goto run;
-	case 'f':
-		opt_font = EARGF(usage());
-		break;
-	case 'g':
-		xw.gm = XParseGeometry(EARGF(usage()),
-				&xw.l, &xw.t, &cols, &rows);
-		break;
-	case 'i':
-		xw.isfixed = 1;
-		break;
-	case 'o':
-		opt_io = EARGF(usage());
-		break;
-	case 'l':
-		opt_line = EARGF(usage());
-		break;
-	case 'n':
-		opt_name = EARGF(usage());
-		break;
-	case 't':
-	case 'T':
-		opt_title = EARGF(usage());
-		break;
-	case 'w':
-		opt_embed = EARGF(usage());
-		break;
-	case 'v':
-		die("%s " VERSION " (c) 2010-2016 st engineers\n", argv0);
-		break;
-	default:
-		usage();
-	} ARGEND;
-
-run:
-	if (argc > 0) {
-		/* eat all remaining arguments */
-		opt_cmd = argv;
-		if (!opt_title && !opt_line)
-			opt_title = basename(xstrdup(argv[0]));
-	}
-	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
-	XSetLocaleModifiers("");
-	tnew(MAX(cols, 1), MAX(rows, 1));
-	xinit();
-	selinit();
-	run();
-
-	return 0;
-}
-