1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
6 * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking. Due reading
10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
17 * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a global
18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
19 * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
20 * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client. For each client dwm
21 * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
22 * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
24 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
26 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
35 #include <sys/select.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
40 #include <X11/keysym.h>
41 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
43 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
44 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
47 #define BUTTONMASK (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
48 #define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
49 #define MOUSEMASK (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
52 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff }; /* bar position */
53 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
54 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast }; /* color */
55 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
56 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
59 typedef struct Client Client;
63 int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
64 int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
65 int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
67 unsigned int border, oldborder;
68 Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
78 unsigned long norm[ColLast];
79 unsigned long sel[ColLast];
89 } DC; /* draw context */
94 void (*func)(const char *arg);
100 void (*arrange)(void);
114 /* function declarations */
115 void applyrules(Client *c);
117 void attach(Client *c);
118 void attachstack(Client *c);
120 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
121 void checkotherwm(void);
123 void compileregs(void);
124 void configure(Client *c);
125 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
126 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
127 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
128 void detach(Client *c);
129 void detachstack(Client *c);
131 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
132 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
133 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
134 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
135 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
136 void expose(XEvent *e);
137 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
138 void focus(Client *c);
139 void focusnext(const char *arg);
140 void focusprev(const char *arg);
141 Client *getclient(Window w);
142 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
143 long getstate(Window w);
144 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
145 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
146 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
147 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
148 Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
149 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
150 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
151 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
152 void keypress(XEvent *e);
153 void killclient(const char *arg);
154 void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
155 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
156 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
157 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
158 void movemouse(Client *c);
159 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
160 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
161 void quit(const char *arg);
162 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
163 void resizemouse(Client *c);
167 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
168 void setlayout(const char *arg);
169 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
171 void spawn(const char *arg);
172 void tag(const char *arg);
173 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
174 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
176 void togglebar(const char *arg);
177 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
178 void togglemax(const char *arg);
179 void toggletag(const char *arg);
180 void toggleview(const char *arg);
181 void unban(Client *c);
182 void unmanage(Client *c);
183 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
184 void updatebarpos(void);
185 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
186 void updatetitle(Client *c);
187 void view(const char *arg);
188 void viewprevtag(const char *arg); /* views previous selected tags */
189 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
190 int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
191 int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
192 void zoom(const char *arg);
197 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
198 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
199 unsigned int bh, bpos;
200 unsigned int blw = 0;
201 unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
202 unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
203 unsigned int nrules = 0;
204 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
205 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
206 [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
207 [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
208 [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
209 [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
210 [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
211 [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
213 [KeyPress] = keypress,
214 [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
215 [MapRequest] = maprequest,
216 [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
217 [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
219 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
220 Bool otherwm, readin;
222 Bool selscreen = True;
223 Client *clients = NULL;
225 Client *stack = NULL;
226 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
232 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
235 #define NTAGS (sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0])
236 Bool seltags[NTAGS] = {[0] = True};
237 Bool prevtags[NTAGS] = {[0] = True};
239 /* function implementations */
241 applyrules(Client *c) {
242 static char buf[512];
245 Bool matched = False;
246 XClassHint ch = { 0 };
249 XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
250 snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
251 ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
252 ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
253 for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
254 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
255 c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
256 for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < NTAGS; j++) {
257 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
268 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
275 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
280 layouts[ltidx].arrange();
294 attachstack(Client *c) {
303 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
308 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
311 XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
313 if(barwin == ev->window) {
315 for(i = 0; i < NTAGS; i++) {
318 if(ev->button == Button1) {
319 if(ev->state & MODKEY)
324 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
325 if(ev->state & MODKEY)
333 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
336 else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
338 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
340 if(ev->button == Button1) {
341 if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
344 togglefloating(NULL);
347 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
348 if((ISTILE) && !c->isfixed && c->isfloating)
349 togglefloating(NULL);
353 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
354 if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
357 togglefloating(NULL);
366 XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
368 /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
369 XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
372 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
374 XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
375 xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
387 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
389 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
390 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
391 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
393 XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
394 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
395 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
396 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
397 XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
408 nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
409 regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
410 for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
412 reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
413 if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
416 regs[i].propregex = reg;
419 reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
420 if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
423 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
429 configure(Client *c) {
432 ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
440 ce.border_width = c->border;
442 ce.override_redirect = False;
443 XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
447 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
448 XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
450 if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
453 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
454 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
455 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
462 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
464 XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
467 if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
469 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
470 c->border = ev->border_width;
471 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isarrange(floating)) {
472 if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
474 if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
476 if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
478 if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
480 if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
481 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
482 if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
483 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
484 if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
485 && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
488 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
496 wc.width = ev->width;
497 wc.height = ev->height;
498 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
499 wc.sibling = ev->above;
500 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
501 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
507 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
509 XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
511 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
518 c->prev->next = c->next;
520 c->next->prev = c->prev;
523 c->next = c->prev = NULL;
527 detachstack(Client *c) {
530 for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
539 for(i = 0; i < NTAGS; i++) {
540 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
542 drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
543 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
546 drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
547 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
552 drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
560 drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
561 if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
564 drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
565 drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
568 drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
570 XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
575 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
578 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
580 gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
581 XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
582 x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
586 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
587 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
590 r.width = r.height = x;
591 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
596 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
598 static char buf[256];
599 unsigned int len, olen;
600 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
602 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
603 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
607 olen = len = strlen(text);
608 if(len >= sizeof buf)
609 len = sizeof buf - 1;
610 memcpy(buf, text, len);
612 h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
613 y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
615 /* shorten text if necessary */
616 while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
627 return; /* too long */
628 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
630 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
632 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
636 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
637 void *res = calloc(1, size);
640 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
645 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
647 XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
649 if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
651 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
653 else if(ev->window == root) {
660 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
663 va_start(ap, errstr);
664 vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
671 XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
674 if(barwin == ev->window)
680 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
683 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
685 resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
690 if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
691 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
692 if(sel && sel != c) {
693 grabbuttons(sel, False);
694 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
699 grabbuttons(c, True);
706 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
707 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
710 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
714 focusnext(const char *arg) {
719 for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
721 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
729 focusprev(const char *arg) {
734 for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
736 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
737 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
746 getclient(Window w) {
749 for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
754 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
755 Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
758 if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
759 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
767 unsigned char *p = NULL;
768 unsigned long n, extra;
771 status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
772 &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
773 if(status != Success)
782 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
787 if(!text || size == 0)
790 XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
793 if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
794 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
796 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
799 strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
800 XFreeStringList(list);
803 text[size - 1] = '\0';
809 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
810 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
813 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
814 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
815 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
816 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
817 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
818 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
819 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
820 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
822 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
823 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
824 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
825 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
826 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
827 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
828 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
829 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
831 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
832 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
833 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
834 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
835 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
836 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
837 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
838 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
841 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
842 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
846 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
849 for(i = 0; (i < NTAGS) && (tags[i] != tag); i++);
850 return (i < NTAGS) ? i : 0;
854 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
855 char *def, **missing;
860 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
861 dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
864 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
865 XFreeStringList(missing);
868 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
869 XFontStruct **xfonts;
871 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
872 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
873 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
874 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
875 if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
876 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
877 if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
878 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
884 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
885 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
886 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
887 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
888 eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
889 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
890 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
892 dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
896 isarrange(void (*func)())
898 return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
902 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
905 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
912 isprotodel(Client *c) {
917 if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
918 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
919 if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
927 isvisible(Client *c) {
930 for(i = 0; i < NTAGS; i++)
931 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
937 keypress(XEvent *e) {
939 unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
945 if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
946 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
947 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
948 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
949 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
950 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
951 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
952 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
953 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
954 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
955 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
956 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
961 keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
962 for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
963 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
964 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
967 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
972 killclient(const char *arg) {
977 if(isprotodel(sel)) {
978 ev.type = ClientMessage;
979 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
980 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
981 ev.xclient.format = 32;
982 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
983 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
984 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
987 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
991 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
992 XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
994 if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
1001 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1002 Client *c, *t = NULL;
1007 c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1008 c->tags = emallocz(sizeof seltags);
1014 c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1015 if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1018 c->border = wa->border_width;
1021 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1022 c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1023 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1024 c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1029 c->border = BORDERPX;
1031 wc.border_width = c->border;
1032 XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1033 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1034 configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1036 XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1037 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1038 grabbuttons(c, False);
1040 if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1041 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1043 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof seltags);
1046 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1049 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1051 XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1052 setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1057 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1058 XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1060 XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1061 if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1066 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1067 static XWindowAttributes wa;
1068 XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1070 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1072 if(wa.override_redirect)
1074 if(!getclient(ev->window))
1075 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1079 movemouse(Client *c) {
1080 int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1087 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1088 None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1091 XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1093 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1096 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1098 case ConfigureRequest:
1101 handler[ev.type](&ev);
1105 nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1106 ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1107 if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1109 else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1110 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1111 if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1113 else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1114 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1115 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1122 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1123 for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1128 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1131 XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1133 if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1134 return; /* ignore */
1135 if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1138 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1139 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1140 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (NULL != getclient(trans))))
1143 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1147 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1156 quit(const char *arg) {
1157 readin = running = False;
1161 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1165 /* set minimum possible */
1171 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1175 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1176 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1177 if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1178 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1179 else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1180 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1183 /* adjust for increment value */
1189 /* restore base dimensions */
1193 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1195 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1197 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1199 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1202 if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1204 /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1206 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1208 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1209 if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1211 if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1213 if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1216 c->w = wc.width = w;
1217 c->h = wc.height = h;
1218 wc.border_width = c->border;
1219 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1226 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1233 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1234 None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1237 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1239 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1242 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1243 c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1244 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1245 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1247 case ConfigureRequest:
1250 handler[ev.type](&ev);
1254 if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1256 if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1258 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1273 if(sel->isfloating || isarrange(floating))
1274 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1275 if(!isarrange(floating)) {
1276 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1277 wc.sibling = barwin;
1278 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1279 XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1280 wc.sibling = sel->win;
1282 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1285 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1286 wc.sibling = c->win;
1290 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1300 /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1302 xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1307 FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1309 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1312 eprint("select failed\n");
1314 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1315 switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1317 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1318 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1322 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1326 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1327 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1329 strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1333 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1334 XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1335 if(handler[ev.type])
1336 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1343 unsigned int i, num;
1344 Window *wins, d1, d2;
1345 XWindowAttributes wa;
1348 if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1349 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1350 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1351 || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1353 if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1354 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1356 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1357 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1359 if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1360 && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1361 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1369 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1370 long data[] = {state, None};
1372 XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1373 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1377 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1381 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1385 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1386 if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1399 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1404 /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1407 else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1408 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1414 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1423 unsigned int i, j, mask;
1425 XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1426 XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1429 wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1430 wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1431 wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1432 wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1433 netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1434 netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1435 XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1436 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1439 cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1440 cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1441 cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1445 sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1446 sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1448 /* init modifier map */
1449 modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1450 for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1451 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1452 if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1453 == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1454 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1456 XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1458 /* select for events */
1459 wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1460 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1461 wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1462 XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1463 XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1471 /* init appearance */
1472 dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1473 dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1474 dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1475 dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1476 dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1477 dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1479 dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1483 nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1484 for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1485 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1492 wa.override_redirect = 1;
1493 wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1494 wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1495 barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1496 DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1497 CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1498 XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1500 XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1501 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1502 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1503 dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1504 XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1506 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1508 /* multihead support */
1509 selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1513 spawn(const char *arg) {
1514 static char *shell = NULL;
1516 if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1520 /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1521 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1525 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1527 execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1528 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1537 tag(const char *arg) {
1542 for(i = 0; i < NTAGS; i++)
1543 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1544 sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1549 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1553 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1556 return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1560 textw(const char *text) {
1561 return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1566 unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1569 for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1573 mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1574 th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1575 if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1580 nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1581 for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1583 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1584 nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1585 nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1587 else { /* tile window */
1590 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1591 nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1593 if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1594 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1596 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1598 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1599 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1600 ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1605 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1607 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1615 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1618 sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1620 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1625 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1628 if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1630 if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1631 if(isarrange(floating) || sel->isfloating)
1632 sel->wasfloating = True;
1634 togglefloating(NULL);
1635 sel->wasfloating = False;
1641 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1644 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1645 if(!sel->wasfloating)
1646 togglefloating(NULL);
1649 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1653 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1659 sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1660 for(j = 0; j < NTAGS && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1662 sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1667 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1671 seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1672 for(j = 0; j < NTAGS && !seltags[j]; j++);
1674 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1682 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1683 c->isbanned = False;
1687 unmanage(Client *c) {
1690 wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1691 /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1693 XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1694 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1699 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1700 setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1704 XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1710 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1712 XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1714 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1719 updatebarpos(void) {
1730 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1734 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1737 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1741 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1745 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1749 if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1751 c->flags = size.flags;
1752 if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1753 c->basew = size.base_width;
1754 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1756 else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1757 c->basew = size.min_width;
1758 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1761 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1762 if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1763 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1764 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1767 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1768 if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1769 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1770 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1773 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1774 if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1775 c->minw = size.min_width;
1776 c->minh = size.min_height;
1778 else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1779 c->minw = size.base_width;
1780 c->minh = size.base_height;
1783 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1784 if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1785 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1786 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1787 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1788 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1791 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1792 c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1793 && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1797 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1798 if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1799 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1802 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1803 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
1804 * default error handler, which may call exit. */
1806 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1807 if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1808 || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1809 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1810 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1811 || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1812 || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1813 || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1814 || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1816 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1817 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1818 return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1822 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1826 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1827 * is already running. */
1829 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1835 view(const char *arg) {
1838 memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1839 for(i = 0; i < NTAGS; i++)
1840 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1841 seltags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1846 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1847 static Bool tmptags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]];
1849 memcpy(tmptags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1850 memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof seltags);
1851 memcpy(prevtags, tmptags, sizeof seltags);
1856 zoom(const char *arg) {
1859 if(!sel || !(ISTILE) || sel->isfloating)
1861 if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1862 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1871 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1872 if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1873 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1875 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1877 setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1878 if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1879 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1880 screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1881 root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);