1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
6 * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
9 * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking. Due reading
10 * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
11 * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
12 * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
13 * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
14 * event dispatching in O(1) time.
16 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
17 * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a global
18 * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
19 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
22 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
24 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
33 #include <sys/select.h>
34 #include <sys/types.h>
36 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
37 #include <X11/keysym.h>
38 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
40 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
41 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
43 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
47 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
48 #define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
49 #define BUTTONMASK (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
50 #define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
51 #define LENGTH(x) (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
53 #define MOUSEMASK (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
54 #define TAGMASK ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
55 #define TEXTW(x) (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
58 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
59 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast }; /* color */
60 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
61 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
62 enum { ClkLtSymbol = 64, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
63 ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast }; /* clicks */
66 typedef unsigned int uint;
67 typedef unsigned long ulong;
80 void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
84 typedef struct Client Client;
89 int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
92 Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
111 } DC; /* draw context */
116 void (*func)(const Arg *);
122 void (*arrange)(void);
127 const char *instance;
133 /* function declarations */
134 static void applyrules(Client *c);
135 static void arrange(void);
136 static void attach(Client *c);
137 static void attachstack(Client *c);
138 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
139 static void checkotherwm(void);
140 static void cleanup(void);
141 static void configure(Client *c);
142 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
143 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
144 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
145 static void detach(Client *c);
146 static void detachstack(Client *c);
147 static void drawbar(void);
148 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]);
149 static void drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert);
150 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
151 static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
152 static void expose(XEvent *e);
153 static void focus(Client *c);
154 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
155 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
156 static Client *getclient(Window w);
157 static ulong getcolor(const char *colstr);
158 static long getstate(Window w);
159 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size);
160 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
161 static void grabkeys(void);
162 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
163 static Bool isoccupied(uint t);
164 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
165 static Bool isurgent(uint t);
166 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
167 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
168 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
169 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
170 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
171 static void monocle(void);
172 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
173 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
174 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
175 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
176 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
177 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
178 static void restack(void);
179 static void run(void);
180 static void scan(void);
181 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
182 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
183 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
184 static void setup(void);
185 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
186 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
187 static int textnw(const char *text, uint len);
188 static void tile(void);
189 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
190 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
191 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
192 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
193 static void unmanage(Client *c);
194 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
195 static void updatebar(void);
196 static void updategeom(void);
197 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
198 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
199 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
200 static void view(const Arg *arg);
201 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
202 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
203 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
204 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
207 static char stext[256];
208 static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
209 static int by, bh, blw, wx, wy, ww, wh;
210 static uint seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
211 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
212 static uint numlockmask = 0;
213 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
214 [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
215 [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
216 [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
217 [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
218 [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
221 [KeyPress] = keypress,
222 [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
223 [MapRequest] = maprequest,
224 [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
225 [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
227 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
228 static Bool otherwm, readin;
229 static Bool running = True;
230 static uint tagset[] = {1, 1}; /* after start, first tag is selected */
231 static Client *clients = NULL;
232 static Client *sel = NULL;
233 static Client *stack = NULL;
234 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
237 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
238 static Window root, barwin;
239 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
242 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an uint bit array. */
243 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(uint) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
245 /* function implementations */
247 applyrules(Client *c) {
250 XClassHint ch = { 0 };
253 XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
254 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
256 if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
257 && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
258 && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
259 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
260 c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK;
268 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
275 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
276 if(c->tags & tagset[seltags]) { /* is visible */
277 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
278 resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
281 else if(!c->isbanned) {
282 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
287 if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
288 lt[sellt]->arrange();
299 attachstack(Client *c) {
305 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
308 XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
311 if(ev->window == barwin) {
315 while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
318 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
320 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
321 click = ClkStatusText;
325 else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
327 click = ClkClientWin;
330 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
331 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
332 && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
333 buttons[i].func(&buttons[i].arg);
339 XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
341 /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
342 XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
345 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
346 XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
347 xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
354 Layout foo = { "", NULL };
362 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
364 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
365 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
366 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
368 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
369 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
370 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
371 XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
373 XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
377 configure(Client *c) {
380 ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
388 ce.border_width = c->bw;
390 ce.override_redirect = False;
391 XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
395 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
396 XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
398 if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
408 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
410 XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
413 if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
414 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
415 c->bw = ev->border_width;
416 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
417 if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
419 if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
421 if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
423 if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
425 if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
426 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
427 if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
428 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
429 if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
430 && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
433 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
441 wc.width = ev->width;
442 wc.height = ev->height;
443 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
444 wc.sibling = ev->above;
445 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
446 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
452 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
454 XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
456 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
465 for(i = clients; i->next != c; i = i->next);
475 detachstack(Client *c) {
478 for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
488 for(c = stack; c && c->isbanned; c = c->snext);
489 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
490 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
491 if(tagset[seltags] & 1 << i) {
492 drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
493 drawsquare(c && c->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
496 drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
497 drawsquare(c && c->tags & 1 << i, isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
503 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
514 drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
515 if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
518 drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
519 drawsquare(c->isfixed, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
522 drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
524 XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
529 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, ulong col[ColLast]) {
532 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
534 gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
535 XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
536 x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
540 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
541 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
544 r.width = r.height = x;
545 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
550 drawtext(const char *text, ulong col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
551 int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
552 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
555 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
556 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
560 len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf);
561 memcpy(buf, text, len);
562 h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
563 y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
565 /* shorten text if necessary */
566 for(; len && (i = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h; len--);
570 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
571 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
573 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
575 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
579 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
581 XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
583 if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
585 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
592 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
595 va_start(ap, errstr);
596 vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
603 XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
605 if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
611 if(!c || c->isbanned)
612 for(c = stack; c && c->isbanned; c = c->snext);
613 if(sel && sel != c) {
614 grabbuttons(sel, False);
615 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
620 grabbuttons(c, True);
621 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
622 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
625 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
631 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
632 XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
634 if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
635 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
639 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
640 Client *c = NULL, *i;
645 for(c = sel->next; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
647 for(c = clients; c && c->isbanned; c = c->next);
650 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
654 for(; i; i = i->next)
665 getclient(Window w) {
668 for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
673 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
674 Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
677 if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
678 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
686 unsigned char *p = NULL;
690 status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
691 &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
692 if(status != Success)
701 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, uint size) {
706 if(!text || size == 0)
709 XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
712 if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
713 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
715 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
717 strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
718 XFreeStringList(list);
721 text[size - 1] = '\0';
727 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
729 uint buttons[] = { Button1, Button2, Button3 };
730 uint modifiers[] = { MODKEY, MODKEY|LockMask, MODKEY|numlockmask, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask };
732 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
734 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
735 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
736 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i], modifiers[j], c->win, False,
737 BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
739 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
740 BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
747 XModifierKeymap *modmap;
749 /* init modifier map */
750 modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
751 for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
752 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
753 if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
754 numlockmask = (1 << i);
756 XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
758 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
759 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
760 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
761 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
762 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
763 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
764 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
765 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
766 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
767 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
768 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
773 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
774 char *def, **missing;
779 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
780 dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
783 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
784 XFreeStringList(missing);
787 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
788 XFontStruct **xfonts;
790 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
791 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
792 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
793 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
794 dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
795 dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
801 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
802 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
803 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
804 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
805 eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
806 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
807 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
809 dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
816 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
823 isprotodel(Client *c) {
828 if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
829 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
830 if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
841 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
842 if(c->isurgent && c->tags & 1 << t)
848 keypress(XEvent *e) {
854 keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
855 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
856 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
857 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
859 keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
863 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
868 if(isprotodel(sel)) {
869 ev.type = ClientMessage;
870 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
871 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
872 ev.xclient.format = 32;
873 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
874 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
875 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
878 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
882 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
883 Client *c, *t = NULL;
888 if(!(c = calloc(1, sizeof(Client))))
889 eprint("fatal: could not calloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
897 c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
898 if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
901 c->bw = wa->border_width;
904 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw > sx + sw)
905 c->x = sx + sw - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
906 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw > sy + sh)
907 c->y = sy + sh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
908 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
909 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
910 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
914 wc.border_width = c->bw;
915 XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
916 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
917 configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
919 XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
920 grabbuttons(c, False);
922 if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
923 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
929 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
931 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
934 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
935 XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
936 setclientstate(c, NormalState);
941 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
942 XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
944 XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
945 if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
950 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
951 static XWindowAttributes wa;
952 XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
954 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
956 if(wa.override_redirect)
958 if(!getclient(ev->window))
959 manage(ev->window, &wa);
966 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
967 resize(c, wx, wy, ww, wh, resizehints);
971 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
972 int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
983 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
984 None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
986 XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
988 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
991 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
993 case ConfigureRequest:
996 handler[ev.type](&ev);
1000 nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1001 ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1002 if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
1003 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
1004 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
1006 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1007 nx = wx + ww - c->w - 2 * c->bw;
1008 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
1010 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->bw)) < snap)
1011 ny = wy + wh - c->h - 2 * c->bw;
1012 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1013 togglefloating(NULL);
1015 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1016 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1023 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1024 for(; c && (c->isfloating || c->isbanned); c = c->next);
1029 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1032 XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1034 if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1035 return; /* ignore */
1036 if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1039 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1040 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1041 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1044 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1052 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1061 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1062 readin = running = False;
1066 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1070 /* set minimum possible */
1074 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1078 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1079 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1080 if(c->maxa < (float) w/h)
1082 else if(c->mina > (float) h/w)
1086 /* adjust for increment value */
1092 /* restore base dimensions */
1096 w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1097 h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1100 w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1103 h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1105 if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1108 x = sw - w - 2 * c->bw;
1110 y = sh - h - 2 * c->bw;
1111 if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1113 if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1119 if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1122 c->w = wc.width = w;
1123 c->h = wc.height = h;
1124 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1125 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1126 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1133 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1144 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1145 None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1147 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1149 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1152 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1153 c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1154 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1155 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1157 case ConfigureRequest:
1160 handler[ev.type](&ev);
1164 nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1165 nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1167 if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1168 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1169 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1170 && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1171 togglefloating(NULL);
1173 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1174 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1189 if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1190 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1191 if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1192 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1193 wc.sibling = barwin;
1194 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1195 if(!c->isfloating && !c->isbanned) {
1196 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1197 wc.sibling = c->win;
1201 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1207 char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1213 /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1215 xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1218 len = sizeof stext - 1;
1219 sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1223 FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1225 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1228 eprint("select failed\n");
1230 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1231 switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1233 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1237 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1241 for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1242 if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1244 strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1245 p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1246 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1249 memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1256 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1257 XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1258 if(handler[ev.type])
1259 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1267 Window *wins, d1, d2;
1268 XWindowAttributes wa;
1271 if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1272 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1273 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1274 || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1276 if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1277 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1279 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1280 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1282 if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1283 && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1284 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1292 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1293 long data[] = {state, None};
1295 XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1296 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1300 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1302 if(arg && arg->v && arg->v != lt[sellt])
1303 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1310 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1312 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1315 if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1317 f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1318 if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1328 XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1331 screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1332 root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1336 sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1337 sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1338 bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1339 lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1340 lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1344 wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1345 wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1346 wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1347 wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1348 netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1349 netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1352 wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1353 cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1354 cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1356 /* init appearance */
1357 dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1358 dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1359 dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1360 dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1361 dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1362 dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1363 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1364 dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1365 XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1367 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1370 for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1371 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1375 wa.override_redirect = 1;
1376 wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1377 wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1379 barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1380 CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1381 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1382 XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1383 XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1384 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1387 /* EWMH support per view */
1388 XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1389 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1391 /* select for events */
1392 wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1393 |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1394 XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1395 XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1403 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1404 /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1405 * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1409 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1411 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1412 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1421 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1422 if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1423 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1429 textnw(const char *text, uint len) {
1433 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1436 return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1445 for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1450 c = nexttiled(clients);
1452 resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1458 x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1460 w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1465 for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1466 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1467 ? (wy + wh) - y : h) - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1469 y = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->bw;
1474 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1482 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1485 sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1487 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1492 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1493 uint mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1502 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1503 uint mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1506 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1512 unmanage(Client *c) {
1515 wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1516 /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1518 XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1519 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1524 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1525 setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1528 XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1534 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1536 XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1538 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1544 if(dc.drawable != 0)
1545 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1546 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1547 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1554 XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1556 /* window area geometry */
1557 if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1558 info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &i);
1559 wx = info[xidx].x_org;
1560 wy = showbar && topbar ? info[xidx].y_org + bh : info[xidx].y_org;
1561 ww = info[xidx].width;
1562 wh = showbar ? info[xidx].height - bh : info[xidx].height;
1569 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1571 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1575 by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1579 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1583 XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize);
1584 if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1585 c->basew = size.base_width;
1586 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1588 else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1589 c->basew = size.min_width;
1590 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1593 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1594 if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1595 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1596 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1599 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1600 if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1601 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1602 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1605 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1606 if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1607 c->minw = size.min_width;
1608 c->minh = size.min_height;
1610 else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1611 c->minw = size.base_width;
1612 c->minh = size.base_height;
1615 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1616 if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1617 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1618 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1621 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1622 c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1623 && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1627 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1628 if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1629 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1633 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1636 if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1638 sel->isurgent = False;
1640 c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1646 view(const Arg *arg) {
1647 seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1648 if(arg && (arg->ui & TAGMASK))
1649 tagset[seltags] = arg->i & TAGMASK;
1653 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1654 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
1655 * default error handler, which may call exit. */
1657 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1658 if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1659 || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1660 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1661 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1662 || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1663 || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1664 || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1665 || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1666 || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1668 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1669 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1670 return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1674 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1678 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1679 * is already running. */
1681 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1687 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1690 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1692 if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1693 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1702 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1703 if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1704 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1706 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1708 setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1709 if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1710 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");